Beijing Orders Scaling Back of Earth Hour to Celebrate Tibet 'Liberation' Day
Organisers of climate change awareness day told not to undermine upbeat message of holiday to celebrate ousting of Dalai Lama
The Chinese government has been turned off this Saturday's "Earth Hour" after officials realised the event falls on a newly created holiday to commemorate the ousting of the Dalai Lama from Tibet.
Chinese journalists and student groups have been told to scale back their participation because images of cities and campuses turning dark do not fit the upbeat propaganda message that the authorities wanted to convey by declaring 28 March "Serf Liberation Day" in Tibet.
The United Nations secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, has urged people around the world to participate in Earth Hour, which he called the largest ever public show of concern about climate change.
The WWF, which started the event three years ago, hopes that 1 billion people will join the temporary global switch-off at 8.30pm local time. Illuminations will be cut at The Eiffel Tower, the Colosseum, the Empire State Building and the Moscow government headquarters. But hopes for a similar show of global solidarity in the Forbidden City, Beijing University and the Chinese state broadcaster (CCTV) have run up against official unease about the clash of dates.
The Chinese authorities declared Serf Liberation Day as a holiday in Tibet to bolster domestic support for Beijing's policies in the Himalayan region after a storm of international criticism in the run-up to the 2008 Olympics. It marks the entry into Tibet of the People's Liberation Army and the fleeing of the Dalai Lama into exile.
When the new holiday was announced in January, the state media reported that it was intended to "thoroughly reveal the vicious nature of the feudal serf system and the ulterior political purpose of the 1959 armed rebellion by the Dalai Lama group".
But their chosen date coincides with Earth Hour, which has been held on the last Saturday in March since the first of the annual events in Sydney in 2007.
The fixture clash has left the authorities and organisers in a quandary. China's government, which has set impressive goals on renewable energy and pollution control in recent years, does not want to be seen as an outsider in the global fight against climate change.
Environmental NGOs, which have struggled for recognition in the one-party state, do not want to have their campaigns caught up with the divisive subject of Tibet. According to local journalists, students and NGOs, the compromise is an awkward mish-mash.
CCTV, the state broadcaster, has been ordered to scale back plans for day-long coverage of the switch-off around the world, but it will transmit highlights.
At Beijing University, the authorities have forbidden students from overtly participating in Earth Hour. Instead they will organise a "star-gazing" evening that will require them to turn off the lights to see the heavens more clearly.
A director from the university's environment education centre said more extensive plans to highlight energy concerns and protect the environment would be postponed until 22 April, which is Earth Day. He said "lack of preparation" had prompted the change.
Other sources said the ban was imposed because some people in the university considered the WWF a "suspicious organisation".
But outside the conservative bases of CCTV, Beijing University and the Propaganda Department, there will be a higher level of participation.
The Shanghai government has fully endorsed the event. Visitors to the Bund waterfront on Saturday will see the neon skyline across the river darken as the iconic Pearl Insurance Tower switches off along with the Jin Mao building and International Trade Centre. Illuminations will also be cut at Hong Kong's Victoria Harbour, Baoding, Dalian, Nanjing and several technical universities.
The switch-off is supported by world-renowned pianist Lang Lang, actress Li Bingbing and television host Yang Lan, and has corporate backing on the mainland from Nokia, Ikea and Coca-Cola. The most striking display in Beijing is expected to be the dimming of lights on the Olympic Bird's Nest stadium.
Considering it has the biggest population and the most carbon emissions in the world, China accounts for a relatively low share of the more than 3,000 cities that have signed up for involvement worldwide.
But organisers said momentum was building towards greater Chinese participation next year, when Earth Hour will fall on a different date from Serf Emancipation Day.
"Earth Hour aims to highlight the overwhelming support for people around the world for action on climate change, and has no relationship to any other event," said Dermot O'Gorman, WWF China representative. "Given what we've seen in major urban areas such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong this year, we expect more people will participate in Earth Hour to take action on climate change in the years to come."
The scope for higher levels of public awareness was evident at Beijing University yesterday, where a supposedly "unplugged" campus concert arranged as part of the countdown to Earth Hour proved as high-voltage as the average CCTV variety show with dazzling stage lights, huge amplifiers and numerous TV cameras.
Students from more than a dozen top universities took part in the spectacular, in which many of the performers' songs emphasised the bright future awaiting "the glorious children of heaven" as elite students are known.
Of six audience members interviewed by the Guardian, only one expressed a sense of urgency about the global environment. "As the people of the Earth we face the same problem. It is the 11th hour. We must do more," said Wang Zhenxiang, a business student.
Most felt their generation was more privileged and money-orientated than their predecessors. "We are more fashionable, more commercial. We can have big homes, drive a big car and travel to other countries just like foreigners do," said Zhang Minneg, a financial services student from Shanghai.
Twitter
StumbleUpon
Facebook
Delicious
Digg
Newsvine
Google
Yahoo
Technorati
11 Comments so far
Show AllWHAT! Do both countries us the same PR firm or what.
Pretty soon liberation is going to have a whole new definition.
I guess the land was liberated from the serfs, just like the land was liberated from the Native Americans.
Lot of LIBERATING going on lately, seems like a popular thing to do.
WE ARE HERE TO HELP! (ourselves!)
Parenti article continued:
"One 22-year old woman, herself a runaway serf, reports: “Pretty serf girls were usually taken by the owner as house servants and used as he wished”; they “were just slaves without rights.”18 Serfs needed permission to go anywhere. Landowners had legal authority to capture those who tried to flee. One 24-year old runaway welcomed the Chinese intervention as a “liberation.” He testified that under serfdom he was subjected to incessant toil, hunger, and cold. After his third failed escape, he was merciless beaten by the landlord’s men until blood poured from his nose and mouth. They then poured alcohol and caustic soda on his wounds to increase the pain, he claimed.19
The serfs were taxed upon getting married, taxed for the birth of each child and for every death in the family. They were taxed for planting a tree in their yard and for keeping animals. They were taxed for religious festivals and for public dancing and drumming, for being sent to prison and upon being released. Those who could not find work were taxed for being unemployed, and if they traveled to another village in search of work, they paid a passage tax. When people could not pay, the monasteries lent them money at 20 to 50 percent interest. Some debts were handed down from father to son to grandson. Debtors who could not meet their obligations risked being cast into slavery.20
The theocracy’s religious teachings buttressed its class order. The poor and afflicted were taught that they had brought their troubles upon themselves because of their wicked ways in previous lives. Hence they had to accept the misery of their present existence as a karmic atonement and in anticipation that their lot would improve in their next lifetime. The rich and powerful treated their good fortune as a reward for, and tangible evidence of, virtue in past and present lives.
The Tibetan serfs were something more than superstitious victims, blind to their own oppression. As we have seen, some ran away; others openly resisted, sometimes suffering dire consequences. In feudal Tibet, torture and mutilation--including eye gouging, the pulling out of tongues, hamstringing, and amputation--were favored punishments inflicted upon thieves, and runaway or resistant serfs. Journeying through Tibet in the 1960s, Stuart and Roma Gelder interviewed a former serf, Tsereh Wang Tuei, who had stolen two sheep belonging to a monastery. For this he had both his eyes gouged out and his hand mutilated beyond use. He explains that he no longer is a Buddhist: “When a holy lama told them to blind me I thought there was no good in religion.”21 Since it was against Buddhist teachings to take human life, some offenders were severely lashed and then “left to God” in the freezing night to die. “The parallels between Tibet and medieval Europe are striking,” concludes Tom Grunfeld in his book on Tibet. 22
In 1959, Anna Louise Strong visited an exhibition of torture equipment that had been used by the Tibetan overlords. There were handcuffs of all sizes, including small ones for children, and instruments for cutting off noses and ears, gouging out eyes, breaking off hands, and hamstringing legs. There were hot brands, whips, and special implements for disemboweling. The exhibition presented photographs and testimonies of victims who had been blinded or crippled or suffered amputations for thievery. There was the shepherd whose master owed him a reimbursement in yuan and wheat but refused to pay. So he took one of the master’s cows; for this he had his hands severed. Another herdsman, who opposed having his wife taken from him by his lord, had his hands broken off. There were pictures of Communist activists with noses and upper lips cut off, and a woman who was raped and then had her nose sliced away.23
Earlier visitors to Tibet commented on the theocratic despotism. In 1895, an Englishman, Dr. A. L. Waddell, wrote that the populace was under the “intolerable tyranny of monks” and the devil superstitions they had fashioned to terrorize the people. In 1904 Perceval Landon described the Dalai Lama’s rule as “an engine of oppression.” At about that time, another English traveler, Captain W.F.T. O’Connor, observed that “the great landowners and the priests… exercise each in their own dominion a despotic power from which there is no appeal,” while the people are “oppressed by the most monstrous growth of monasticism and priest-craft.” Tibetan rulers “invented degrading legends and stimulated a spirit of superstition” among the common people. In 1937, another visitor, Spencer Chapman, wrote, “The Lamaist monk does not spend his time in ministering to the people or educating them. . . . The beggar beside the road is nothing to the monk. Knowledge is the jealously guarded prerogative of the monasteries and is used to increase their influence and wealth.”24 As much as we might wish otherwise, feudal theocratic Tibet was a far cry from the romanticized Shangri La so enthusiastically nurtured by Buddhism’s western proselytes."
Ah yes --- slavery and serfdom are such quaint and cuddly concepts to western liberals, especially when practiced by the Tibetan theocracy.
From historian Michael Parenti:
http://globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=7355
"Religions have had a close relationship not only with violence but with economic exploitation. Indeed, it is often the economic exploitation that necessitates the violence. Such was the case with the Tibetan theocracy. Until 1959, when the Dalai Lama last presided over Tibet, most of the arable land was still organized into manorial estates worked by serfs. These estates were owned by two social groups: the rich secular landlords and the rich theocratic lamas. Even a writer sympathetic to the old order allows that “a great deal of real estate belonged to the monasteries, and most of them amassed great riches.” Much of the wealth was accumulated “through active participation in trade, commerce, and money lending.” 10
Drepung monastery was one of the biggest landowners in the world, with its 185 manors, 25,000 serfs, 300 great pastures, and 16,000 herdsmen. The wealth of the monasteries rested in the hands of small numbers of high-ranking lamas. Most ordinary monks lived modestly and had no direct access to great wealth. The Dalai Lama himself “lived richly in the 1000-room, 14-story Potala Palace.” 11
Secular leaders also did well. A notable example was the commander-in-chief of the Tibetan army, a member of the Dalai Lama’s lay Cabinet, who owned 4,000 square kilometers of land and 3,500 serfs. 12 Old Tibet has been misrepresented by some Western admirers as “a nation that required no police force because its people voluntarily observed the laws of karma.” 13 In fact. it had a professional army, albeit a small one, that served mainly as a gendarmerie for the landlords to keep order, protect their property, and hunt down runaway serfs.
Young Tibetan boys were regularly taken from their peasant families and brought into the monasteries to be trained as monks. Once there, they were bonded for life. Tashì-Tsering, a monk, reports that it was common for peasant children to be sexually mistreated in the monasteries. He himself was a victim of repeated rape, beginning at age nine. 14 The monastic estates also conscripted children for lifelong servitude as domestics, dance performers, and soldiers.
In old Tibet there were small numbers of farmers who subsisted as a kind of free peasantry, and perhaps an additional 10,000 people who composed the “middle-class” families of merchants, shopkeepers, and small traders. Thousands of others were beggars. There also were slaves, usually domestic servants, who owned nothing. Their offspring were born into slavery. 15 The majority of the rural population were serfs. Treated little better than slaves, the serfs went without schooling or medical care, They were under a lifetime bond to work the lord's land--or the monastery’s land--without pay, to repair the lord's houses, transport his crops, and collect his firewood. They were also expected to provide carrying animals and transportation on demand.16 Their masters told them what crops to grow and what animals to raise. They could not get married without the consent of their lord or lama. And they might easily be separated from their families should their owners lease them out to work in a distant location. 17
As in a free labor system and unlike slavery, the overlords had no responsibility for the serf’s maintenance and no direct interest in his or her survival as an expensive piece of property. The serfs had to support themselves. Yet as in a slave system, they were bound to their masters, guaranteeing a fixed and permanent workforce that could neither organize nor strike nor freely depart as might laborers in a market context. The overlords had the best of both worlds."
Tuneout and turn on
Considering China's "approach" to global warming is akin to the blather that Dubya, Cheney, & Co. put forward about the subject in tandem with the double speak they use regarding Tibet: is this any surprise?
China sure is a stragne and backwards nation.
Like us, but different.
But, "Serf Liberation Day"? How do people hear that with a straight face?
They are becoming capitalists, just like us. And we are becoming totalitarians, just like them. It's such a cozy and convenient relationship.
The Chinese declaring Tibet Liberation Day as a holiday is like former nazis declaring Auschwitz Day as a Jewish Holiday.
The WWF, isnt that the group started by hunters?
The same one that supports the killing of the broadtail possum in NZ which was introduced into NZ by the Australian fur trade?
I think Earth hour is useless.
Its tokenism.
Imagine there's no country
Yes, that is why I like the hour of quiet darkness rolling over the earth and will soon be turning everything off. It is a way to say that we are all in this together. To me it is like a prayer.
Joe