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Right Response to Unemployment Is Smart Stimulus Spending
The new unemployment figures are damned disappointing -- from a social, economic and political standpoint.
The official jobless rate rose from 9.5 percent to 9.6 percent in
august. That’s a modest increase, but the trajectory is in precisely the
wrong direction for a country that fears a double-dip recession – not
to mention an Obama White House that fears a big dip in Democratic
majorities in the House and Senate after an election that is now just
two months away.
The president says that there is "positive news"
to be found in the fact that private sector employers created 67,000
new jobs. But that spin is not going to get very far at a point when
the country must create twice that many jobs each month just to keep up
with growth in the number of Americans who are entering the workforce.
And that does not begin to address the challenges posed by
underemployment – Americ ans who have jobs but who can’t get enough
hours or sufficient pay to support their families – and the growing
number of long-term unemployed Americans who have given up looking for
jobs.
An honest assessment of the real unemployment rate – taking in the
underemployed and the long-term unemployed – takes the jobless figure
closer to 17 percent, according to Department of Labor statistics.
So, while the president may want to concentrate on the “green shoots”
of “positive news,” Obama is closer to the mark when he says the
recovery that he promised would be robust by now is “not good enough."
Why?
The federal government has spent a lot of money for the purposes of
avoiding a Depression and easing a recession. But it has not spent that
money well or wisely.
Bailing out big banks, as the federal government continues to do, may
help Wall Street. But it does not create jobs on Main Street. In fact,
big banks and investors have for many years been more inclined to lend
money to companies that promise to move jobs overseas than to create
them at home – witness the pattern with regard to manufacturing-sector
stocks, which rise in value when CEOs announce the shuttering of U.S.
factories and the shifting of jobs overseas.
Bailing out multinational corporations is just as bad a project, as
those corporations use the money to move jobs out of the country.
Witness the moves made by GM and Chrysler, which took more than $50
billion in bailout money and used it to shut factories in the U.S. and
lay off tens of thousands of auto workers and mechanics.
Bailing out the rich doesn’t work either. The so-called economic
stimulus plan of 2009 was weighted heavily toward tax policy shifts
that helped those Americans who were wealthy enough to worry about the
alternative minimum tax. Like the Bush-era tax cuts for the super-rich,
these trickle-down approaches are proven losers when it comes to job
creation.
The stimulus money that went to job creation – less than half the total
– may well have averted significantly higher unemployment. But it was
not sufficient to move the numbers in the right direction.
Why? Laura Tyson, the chair of the Council of Economic Advisers and the
National Economic Council in the Clinton administration and a member
of President Obama’s Economic Recovery Advisory Board, is right when
she says that “there is now a substantial gap between the supply of
goods and services the economy is capable of producing and the demand
for them. This gap is starkly reflected by the 23 million Americans who
are looking for full-time jobs and the millions more who have left the
labor force because they could not find one.”
What to do?
Tyson makes the case for a smarter and more focused investment in America, arguing that:
Two forms of spending with the biggest and quickest bang for
the buck are unemployment benefits and aid to state governments. The
federal government should pledge generous financing increases for both
programs through 2011.
Federal aid to the states is especially important because they finance
education. Although the jobs crisis is primarily a crisis of demand, it
also reflects a mismatch between the education of the work force and
the education required for jobs in today’s economy. Consider how the
unemployment rate varies by education level: it’s more than 14 percent
for those without a high school degree, under 10 percent for those with
one, only about 5 percent for those with a college degree and even
lower for those with advanced degrees. The supply of college graduates
is not keeping pace with demand. Therefore, more investment in
education could reduce both the cyclical unemployment rate, as more
Americans stay in school, and the structural unemployment rate, as they
graduate into the job market.
An increase in government investment in roads, airports and other kinds
of public infrastructure would be cost-effective, too, as measured by
the number of jobs created per dollar of spending. And it would help
reduce the road congestion, airport delays and freight bottlenecks that
reduce productivity and make the United States a less attractive place
to do business. The American Society of Civil Engineers has identified
more than $2.2 trillion in public infrastructure needs nationwide, and
a 2008 study by the Congressional Budget Office found that, on strict
cost-benefit grounds, it would make sense to increase annual spending
on transportation projects alone by 74 percent.
Over the next five years, the federal government should work with state
and local governments and the private sector to finance $1 trillion
worth of additional investment in infrastructure. It should extend the
Build America Bonds stimulus program, which in the past year has helped
states finance $120 billion in infrastructure improvement.
There is no reasonable argument against investing in infrastructure
projects that actually put Americans back to work and that move money
into local economies. Indeed, as Tyson notes, “Under (the current)
circumstances, the economic case for additional government spending and
tax relief is compelling.”
“ Sadly,” she adds in a recent New York Times op-ed, “polls indicate that the political case is not.”
That’s where leadership comes in.
President Obama has indicated that he will propose new stimulus measures next week. That's good news.
But the president has pulled his punches in the past. He needs to do a
lot more than advance cautious proposals. He must get in front of the
debate and start talking about the benefits that come from investing in
American job growth -- as opposed to mumbling while the right screams
about "big government."
And congressional Democrats are going to need some prodding.
Local officials around the country are must speak up, especially those
who are on the frontlines in cities, counties and states where smart
federal investments can be put to immediate use.
Madison, Wisconsin, Mayor Dave Cieslewicz,
the organizer and key player in the national New Cities Project, has
the right response for those who argue against additional stimulus
spending on the “grounds” that it puts the nation deeper in debt.
“There is an estimated $2.2 trillion in deferred infrastructure
maintenance left to do in America.,” says Cieslewicz. “So, let's keep
putting America to work. After all, tackling all that infrastructure
need isn't putting us in debt at all. It's simply catching up on work
that would need to be done anyway in the future. We're not putting our
children deeper in debt; we're making investments now so they won't
have to later on.”




20 Comments so far
Show AllWhat's more important? The needs of the empire or the needs of middle-class America? Jobs for people so they can feed their families or money for corporations so that they can compete internationally? The answer is that the government will help those who can help them. Corporations are the new welfare queens.
Hoa binh
"Corporations are the new welfare queens."
They've been at the trough for years and years I thought.
Could it be without a middle class, withouit jobs so people can provide for their families you have no economy and there IS nothing to compete for?
Do you really think that the elite in America depend only on the American economy to maintain their lifestyles? Here's some Bob Dylan for you:
"There's an evenin' haze settlin' over town
Starlight by the edge of the creek
The buyin' power of the proletariat's gone down
Money's gettin' shallow and weak
Well, the place I love best is a sweet memory
It's a new path that we trod
They say low wages are a reality
If we want to compete abroad."
"Do you really think that the elite in America depend only on the American economy to maintain their lifestyles?"
No, I don't and ole Bob was right. However, what if you couldn't hide money abroad anymore. What if an American or Corporation has to pay taxes on that dollar no matter where he earns it if he is living here? What if he can no longer ship his product made in his competive country back here as if it was made here? What if instead of free trade we had fair trade for a change? If he is headquartered in anopther country what if he was no longer an American Corporation or company?
Ever heard of globalization? Just like with the definition of Capitalism you won't find a mention about labor. Other than as a natural resource to be used at the wishes of corporations which were made human by our Supreme Court. American people are on their own in this globalizing world. Most don't know it yet but that's another story.
Hoa binh
Ah-Ha! Globalization. Yep, I have. But I'd argue there is no such thing. There is no Global government, no Global economy, no Globasl community. There is business that is done Globally, thats all.
Capitalism doesn't count, the only thing that counts to the American people is a capitalist economy and labor is big in that. Don't allow the Global corporations and Capitalists to use your country and all of a sudden you have jobs again. And they can go Global anywhere they please, but no market in America means no profits anywhere. They don't know that yet, but they will soon.
You're right about no global community, and that's a problem. But there are also global resources and global institutions like the World Bank and the IMF and the ICC and the UN. You should check out IRON HEEL by Jack London. He shows how capitalism will eventually eat itself. Thailand now has over 4,000 7-11s.
Hoa binh
@mightymite: American
In a world of "free trade," citizenship is as fungible as any other commodity. Almost every country in the world "sells" citizenship or resident status to anyone with sufficient money to invest, although this route to becoming a *legal* alien is sometimes not terribly explicit. In the tiny nation of St. Kitts and Nevis, all you have to do is purchase a residence costing US$250,000 or more and pay a $35,000 fee. You can add a spouse and children for $15,000 each. Canada has a "Business Class" program through which one can obtain Permanent Resident status, which is the first step toward citizenship. One proves a net worth of at least CDN$800,000, then pays CDN$400,000 directly to the government, which invests it on its own behalf. At the end of five years, the money will be returned without interest. Canada has other programmes, such as the Entrepreneur programme, which require less money but more direct involvement in setting up a business in Canada which employs at least one Canadian citizen for a certain period.
"Bailing out multinational corporations is just as bad a project, as those corporations use the money to move jobs out of the country. Witness the moves made by GM and Chrysler"
Bub...if you don't understand that the bail outs and subsequent ownership tranfers to the Unions was a direct campaign pay off you are pretty darn stupid. This had nothing to do with bailing out the "Corporations"
"Progressives" like John Nichols and The Nation magazine are froever trying to figure out a way to reform Capitalism to somehow make the run-amok, gangster Capitalist economy somehow work for the economic benefit of the people.
The major economic, ecological, social crises that are impoverishing and destroying orginary working people in the U.S. today are intrinsic with the long-term decline and now collapse of U.S. Capitalism.
Capitalism cannot be "bailed out" or "reformed" to make it function to enable a "living wage" and benefits to even the majority of working people. Capitalism is the economic system that makes capitalists increasingly wealthy and impoverishes or destroys everyone else in the process of wealth accumulation.
Massive economic inequality, today increasingly oppressive even in the U.S., is the intrinsic nature of capitalism, a characteristic observable worldwide.
Millions will remain unemployed in this country because of cheap labor overseas. Under Capitalist Globalization, global free-market economics, the jobs will not come back until workers in this country are willing to work at the slave-wages of impoverished working people overseas.
The "collateral damage" of capitalism has been the root cause of the world crises of survival now facing humanity. Wars are started to secure oil profits. Militarism and more wars are essential to maintain the profits of the military industrial complex. Global warming is continued because capitalist-controlled governments will not shut-down .
To maintain their wealth, the ruling class of the U.S. has corrupted the political process with massive bribery and corruption. The mass media is owned to serve corporate need to continuously indoctrinate the masses of ordinary people.
Obama and the Democrats are fully integrated into the corporate corruption of political processes to carry out a continual "class war" on their behalf. The latest "Obamination" is the implementation of the destruction of Social Security!
John Nichols and The Nation magazine, despite minor misgivings, have supported Obama, the Democratic Party, and thus the maintenance of the economic system of capitalism.
For an anti-capitalist, socialist perspective on current affairs read daily the World Socialist Web Site at http://www.wsws.org
I check it five times a week. It usually does not update on weekends.
In-depth coverage of the latest news, without the corrupting influence of mainstream "balance".
"In fact, big banks and investors have for many years been more inclined to lend money to companies that promise to move jobs overseas than to create them at home"
John Nichols typically appeals to the people's better side while simultaneously promoting exploitation-as-usual to a dangerous extent.
But he provides some good fodder for discussion. The much more relevant version of the fact he proclaims above is this: Big banks all along have existed to fuel/fund the elite status quo. The entrenchments of the USA in its various quagmires were funded with the funny munny of the big banks.
Warfare depends on the funny munny of big banks. Fossil exploitation depends on the funny munny of big banks. Petro-chemical agriculture depends on the funny munny of big banks. The entrenchment of the USA in the most expensive modes of transport, education and healthcare, depended on the funny munny fabricated out of thin air by big banks.
If you notice a pattern, congratulations. Big business and big banks are partners in crime. They are after all two components of the very same elite establishment.
They should all be busted up. The great populist revolution needed in the USA should target big business/banks. Victory for the people will be defined as the complete elimination of big business/banks.
But, everyone in the upper half of society glorifies the rich, hope upon hope in their hearts that someday they too can be rich, and if we dare harm the big rich, come charging at us with a vengeance will be all of High Society, Country Club class and educated middle-class.
In the 30's, the New Deal stimulus was putting people to work in various government programs. Those people began to get a little money in their pockets. They decided maybe they'd like to buy a radio. Demand for radios increased and GE and Philco started hiring.
The trouble with stimulus spending today and why we have a so-called jobless recovery is that if demand for consumer goods increases it will mean more jobs...in China!
That's where the jobs went, thanks to both of our counterfeit political parties.
But don't worry, Americans. If we just toss all the illegals back across the Arizona border and burn a few mosques things will be fine.
It is a fascinating and frightening thing to watch a people so willingly complicit in their own destruction.
Awesome, a quantum leap into self-degradation after breaking all records for prosperity in the 1970’s. The rise and fall of our imperial Christian Empire.
The right response to unemployment is NOT smarter stimulus spending. The right response is to eliminate Wall Street Fraud, once and for all. To seize the entire assets of the fraudulent "investment houses"/market manipulators, to nationalize the Federal Reserve; to nationalize banking and eliminate interest; to cancel international trade agreements with unequal economies, and to instill a sense of pride in nationally produced goods, and a nation that supports its own economy over that of "Red China". It always puzzles me that, for how much Americans hate "the Commies", they sure buy a lot of their crap every year.
This is better than Weisbrot's empty column yesterday - at least Nichols notes that it does matter what sectors of "the economy" get stimulated - but Nichols still fails to allow himself to see the stark reality of the US system.
He still sends his advice and his energy and his faith toward the Democratic party, instead of toward the people.
We the people do not need to have faith in the leaders of the Democratic party. We need to have faith in ourselves, and start the long hard work of retaking our lives, and our world.
"The supply of college graduates is not keeping pace with demand. Therefore, more investment in education could reduce both the cyclical unemployment rate, as more Americans stay in school, and the structural unemployment rate, as they graduate into the job market."
WHAT "DEMAND"? WHAT "JOB MARKET"?
This is a fairy tale. Firstly, although going back to school is great(if one can even afford it and pay the bills at the same time) how are these students going to handle the debt when they graduate and the grace period is over? Simply, there are scarce jobs available, and many will find a rude awakening.
Let's look at some figures of job prospects for college grads:
Law schools are over saturated with students, and when they graduate they will find little opportunity in their field, as outsourcing lawyers to India (Google this on the NY Times article)is beginning to take hold.
Teaching---forget about it. Teachers, many of whom are of retirement age, are not leaving, schools are cutting positions, adding more students in the classroom...adding to an already demoralized and crumbling profession.
MBA? Like the Law profession, way too many of them. And the funny thing is the price tag to go to grad school for the positions I've named above (just to cite a few examples) is simply not worth the reality of the job market.
What is really chilling and telling of our current state of the labor market is to look around college campuses---hardly any recruiters come by unless it's for "National Security" jobs. Orwellian society is fast approaching when the only openings these are days are in the defense or spy fields.
Nichols is basically correct here, in a a way that should not be controversial: hiring people does create jobs, so stimulus spending does speed a depressed economy, whatever else one may think of the aggregated result.
"Smart" spending, judging from Nichols' description, is spending on productive domestic industry and services -- "smart" because that would stimulate a productive local economy.
That makes sense.
What disturbs me, however, is that these things have been more or less common knowledge to students of economics since the 1930's, when Roosevelt's New Deal stopped spiralling unemployment, which rose again when some of the measures were rescinded.
American economists and politicians who advocate not spending to aid the domestic population do so not generally because it will not create jobs but despite the observation that it will. They claim that some benefit will derive from going through "the pain" (as though the results were just unpleasantness and not damage).
However, most (not all!) of the people who claim to be "small government" are in favor of massive deficit spending outside of the country, for invasions, occupations, arms, and black ops. These expenditures are known to stimulate the economy very little, both because much of the money goes directly abroad, and because none of it is productive: if one pays to sow corn, this results in corn. If one pays to blow up the cornfield, that does not.
I am afraid that the real motive that government and even business do not help the population amounts to a fear that the "wrong people" will get the money and thereby make decisions.
Cicero: "Freedom is participation in power."
Nichols is a lukewarm tickle-down Obama-ite.
Robert Reich has much better ideas in his Labor Day article titled The Real Lesson of Labor Day posted on this same site today. But even Reich's ideas add up to only about half of what is needed. As usual, he talks around the "free trade" regime, citing technologically generated class inequities but omitting that the "free trade" treaties catalyzed & rapidly spread those inequities globally. This kicked out the domestic manufacturing base's support legs from under the real economy faster than it could adapt. That made the overall economy over-dependent on false equity from the decade long housing bubble. Now with the bubble popped we see the true aftermath of 16 years of "free trade" and (insanely) ongoing government-protected tax-payer subsidies for corporations to offshore workforces and manufacturing plants. That combined with Bush II's historically unprecedented tax cuts for the super-rich when he had multiple bogus oil/pipeline wars to pay for, and deregulation of banks & derivatives followed by fraudulent bank bailouts have all combined to create the present long-term slow motion collapse--whose bottom is only economic guesswork for contemporary neo-liberal, pro-"free trade" Milton Friedmanites (Team Obama and the GOP) and pro-"free trade" Keynesians (Paul Krugman, Robert Reich and a dwindling number of other media wonks).
The carbon tax is a good idea ecologically, but not when the economy is clenching up with anti-demand lock-jaw. Only when there is concerted effort behind an environmentally and economically sustainable economic policy that has led to ACTUAL RECOVERY would the system be able to withstand that kind of initially demand-killing shock. Carbon taxes in the present situation would rain down too hard upon those who are already struggling the most.
Restoring 75% to 90% income tax rates on those making over $250,000 a year for 15 to 20 years is a start. Doing a slowly phased in, industrial & agricultural sector-by-sector moratorium on the "free trade" treaties over a 7 to 15 year period is another good idea and it should be complemented with generous and widespread government subsidies for recreating green manufacturing inside the U.S. Updating and unifying the national electricity grid to existing German standards to allow for efficient and (initially at least) government-subsidized medium & small private landowner sales of wind, solar and geo-thermal surplus energy sales back into the grid is another good idea. Subsidizing the construction of a nationwide system of wind-powered electric vehicle refueling stations (such as are now being constructed in Denmark) is another good idea. Devising a food growing and distribution system that puts more emphasis on medium and small family owned farms and locally or regionally sourced food and restricts high-carbon footprint global and transnational food imports is another.
But stripping American corporations of the horrific, now globalized fiction of "legal personhood" and returning them to citizen elected direct oversight over their operating licenses is the best idea of all.