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Scientists Suggest Fresh Look at Psychedelic Drugs
LONDON - Mind-altering drugs like LSD, ketamine or magic mushrooms could be combined with psychotherapy to treat people suffering from depression, compulsive disorders or chronic pain, Swiss scientists suggested on Wednesday.
Research into the effects of psychedelics, used in the past in psychiatry, has been restricted in recent decades because of the negative connotations of drugs, but the scientists said more studies into their clinical potential were now justified. Research into the effects of psychedelics, used in the past in psychiatry, has been restricted in recent decades because of the negative connotations of drugs, but the scientists said more studies into their clinical potential were now justified.
The researchers said recent brain imaging studies show that psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ketamine and psilocybin -- the psychoactive component in recreational drugs known as magic mushrooms -- act on the brain in ways that could help reduce symptoms of various psychiatric disorders.
The drugs could be used as a kind of catalyst, the scientists said, helping patients to alter their perception of problems or pain levels and then work with behavioral therapists or psychotherapists to tackle them in new ways.
"Psychedelics can give patients a new perspective -- particularly when things like suppressed memories come up -- and then they can work with that experience," said Franz Vollenweider of the Neuropsychopharmacology and brain imaging unit at Zurich's University Hospital of Psychiatry, who published a paper on the issue in Nature Neuroscience journal.
Depending on the type of person taking the drug, the dose and the situation, psychedelics can have a wide range of effects, experts say, from feelings of boundlessness and bliss at one end of the spectrum to anxiety-inducing feelings of loss of control and panic at the other.
LOW DOSES
Vollenweider and his colleague Michael Kometer, who also worked on the paper, said evidence from previous studies suggests such drugs might help ease mental health problems by acting on the brain circuits and neurotransmitter systems that are known to be altered in people with depression and anxiety.
But if doctors were to use them to treat psychiatric patients in future, it would be important to keep doses of the drugs low, and ensure they were given over a relatively short time period in combination with therapy sessions, they said.
"The idea is that it would be very limited, maybe several sessions over a few months, not a long-term thing like other types of medication," Vollenweider said in a phone interview.
A small study published by U.S. scientists this month found that an infusion of ketamine -- an anaesthetic used legally in both human and veterinary medicine, but also abused by people who use it recreationally -- can lift the mood within minutes in patients with severe bipolar depression.
Mental illnesses such as depression are a growing health problem around the world and Vollenweider and Kometer said many patients with severe or chronic psychiatric problems fail to respond to medicines like the widely-prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, like Prozac or Paxil.
"These are serious, debilitating, life-shortening illnesses, and as the currently available treatments have high failure rates, psychedelics might offer alternative treatment strategies that could improve the well-being of patients and the associated economic burden on patients and society," they wrote.



53 Comments so far
Show AllJudging from what we see come out of Washington DC (doesn't DC stands for delusion central?) is it safe to assume that the DC water supply is at least 2% psychedelic drugs?
raydc - If it was... the delusions would be self-referential and largely harmless... albeit with a wild hangover.
NO - the DC delusions and hallucinations are of a temporal-psychotic-demiurgic nature and NOT to be trifled with.
In truth I think alot of DC insanity can be attributed to alchohol abuse.
MMMMMmmmmeeeeeeeeee ttttoooooooooo!!!!!!!!
'Scientists Suggest Fresh Look at Psychedelic Drugs'
Put me down as a "YES".
Can't wait till I see them at the checkout counter at Wall Mart.
Eh, huh? Personally, I think acid is the absolute last thing in the world I'd want to take for depression. I really don't think 15 hours of intense paranoia accompanied by car headlights turning to look at me and asphalt pavement flowing like lava down the street is quite what I'm looking for when I'm depressed.
maybe that's the point...........those weird things take your mind off your depression.............
You haven't tried Cymbalta!.. or some of the other combinations of pharmaceuticals they give people for depression (chronic pain and a host of other ills).
They say in the ads: "If your antidepressant isn't working - tell your doctor; you may need two!" (HUH!?)
If you have an adverse reaction to an antidepressant - they just send you to the Looney bin and get a referral kickback!
I'd stick with the LSD.
(But Billy, stop driving when you are on it please!)
Why is there no mention of the long history of research and literature concerning this subject?
For example; 'The Varieties of Psychedelic Experience' by Robert Masters and Jean Houston.
(By the way antidepressants can cause hallucinations too - worse then the brown acid at Woodstock!).
Venge-girl
Even better research - check out MK-Ultra project and see what our lovely spooks have done in the way of "research".
They even found a way to make people "fly" out of windows.
Of course nothing of a dastardly nature happens in this country over the last 50 years without the vampyric fingerprints of Cheney/Rumsfeld.
Follow the links to the death of Dr. Frank Olson. This, unfortunately, is NOT fiction.
"Code Name Artichoke" A very good documentary by Olson's son.
Mushrooms please. LSD, I'll pass on, been there have the T-shirts.
Fresh look at acid? Eh, I'm still busy trying to comprehend that look I gave it 40 years ago. ;-)
Well, synchronicity rears its head on CD. I was just discussing this last night and how it was used to treat alcoholism and with terminal patients - to help face fear of death.
In my own opinion, i think naturally occurring psychoactive drugs are a better direction to go in. The body does recognize differences. Our molecules aren't stupid, you know!
I haven't heard of Ketadine. I wonder if that is the drug formerly known as ecstacy. That was supposed to be used as an antidepressant some years ago.
As far as shifting refernce points. Indeed it makes sense. But hopefully the therapy would take place in a natural setting - or at least with pink floyd in the background.....
Another example of how we treat sysmptoms and not causes.
Absolutely, they treat the symptoms. Chemicals can only do that. I don't work that way at all.
However, with an organic, natural mind altering drug, where one's reference points could be shifted and opened to new perspectives. That isn't numbing them out. It could be the way it has worked since the beginning of time and in all cultures.
The shamans used what was naturally growing to open the 'doors of perception'. Personally, i think once would be enough. And it could be the only way that some people will have a truly transcendant experience. Or peak experience. That alone can change a life.
Every plant that grows has multiple purposes. Although, i don't think it is necessary, to be honest. There are ways to open and change. Using certain kinds of drugs is sort of quantum leaping. Which could be too much too soon, as well.
And as far as causes go. Depression is rampant. Can't imagine why. No one is exempt from what is happening in the world that we all are connected within. You don't need to even read the news. People can sense it in the atmosphere. We live in an emotionally toxic climate. So much violence and just look at the movies and videogames kids are obsessed with. Too much more to say on this topic.
Enough for now.
The Doors of Perception, Aldous Huxley
rita,
good post, i periodically take psychoactives (once or twice a year) to experience different perspectives. it is very therapeutic, especially in the following days when the thoughts can bb digested or reorganized in a normal state.
people who are afraid of pyschoactives may have experienced them in an uncontrolled environment. psylocibin and lsd should not be viewed as a recreational drug (unless you feel like your in a very safe environment). these drugs probably should be taken w/ another persons awareness of your intent (a minder) or taken w/ people who have experienced psychoactives.
a controlled environment is essential for safety (i like to have, valerian tea around to slow people down if there experiencing anxiety, soothing music is nice if a person is experiencing too many thoughts at once and access to the outdoors (nature) can also help people see the beauty of their role in the universe.
psycoactive mushrooms grow wild here (as they do many places in the US) and the autumn time around late october, right after the rains have set in - is a magical time. it's been a magical time for thousands of years (the approaching darkness of winter) and mushrooms were used by the indigenious peoples.
in oaxaca ...
Traditional vs Contemporary Use
http://www.serendipity.li/dmt/cult_b.htm
-----------
and in siberia...
http://amanita-muscaria.org/mushrooms/amanita_muscaria.phe
{Amanita muscaria - Amanita muscaria, Fly agaric mushrooms
Amanita muscaria is brightly colored fungus that's familiar to everyone from the illustrations found in fairy story books. Amanita muscaria is commonly found in autumn in Birch woods or under Pines. Amanita muscaria are the most eye-catching mushroom with its large caps of scarlet or deep red, mottled with conspicuous white warts. Associated with magic and the fairy kingdom because this other-worldly looking fungus is perhaps the oldest hallucinogenic plant known, having been in recorded use for over six thousand years. Amanita muscaria or as its commonly called Fly agaric mushrooms have been adopted by many cultures, in the northern hemisphere and worldwide to transport the person eating Amanita muscaria to visionary realms. Fly agaric mushrooms are believed to have been employed as a shamanic aid by the Vikings and is known to be used by the tribesmen of Siberia.}
...peace...
Thank you, iowablackbird. I understand.
And you write about it quite beautifully as well.
I am guessing you live in iowa? I didn't know about mushrooms there.
Are you due for an experience soon?
rita
i lived in iowa for 2 years (i was living there when i started posting here at CD - thus iowablackbird), i returned to washington state (olympia) a year ago.
http://www.olympicpeninsula.org/
i've heard that there are more varieties of mushrooms growing in the temperate rain-forest of the olympic peninsula than anywhere else in north america. (including psychoactives - the link below lists the species that grow in states - state by state)
http://www.shroomery.org/8461/Which-psilocybin-mushrooms-grow-wild-in-my-area
last year i picked chanterelles, boletas, morels and matsutakes. i learn a little bit more each year - what to pick - what not to pick.
there are three varieties of hallucinogenic mushrooms that i feel familiar enough with to ingest; Psilocybe cyanescens, Psilocybe stuntzii and Psilocybe semilanceata. (commonly known among the locals as cyanesces - stunzii's and liberty caps) the mushrooms come up from the earth in the fall intermittently after the rains on sunny days for about a month. there are various ways of preserving them for use later in the year (honey, freezing), although many take the mushroom when it's fresh.
the amanitas are out for a longer period of time (i did harvest them last year, but am reluctant to eat them until i'm in the right mental state - it's been about 11 months since i harvested them). last year i found a beautiful field beneath pine trees adjacent to the pacific ocean literally overflowing w/ amanita muscaria (a very beautiful mushroom).
there are poisonous mushrooms, and i wouldn't recommend anyone just start randomly eating them. familiarize yourself with the mushrooms first - read about them, talk to people about them.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Arora
david arora's 'all that the rain pronises and more' and his companion volume 'mushrooms demystified' are great places to start (fortunately i have a few friends who are mycologists and can quickly identify anything i find).
of course the mushrooms all have different effects: some are more visual, others are more cerebral and some mushrooms literally put a person into a trance. it's a fascinating subject and i would recommend that you read personal accounts of folks personal psychonautic adventures with mushrooms at places like,
http://forums.lycaeum.org/
http://www.erowid.org/psychoactives/
taking psychoactives isn't for everyone - i'm not suggesting that it is, it helps me w/ depression and to reinvigorate my insight. as i noted, i limit my use to once or twice a year. i'll more than likely imbibe again this fall. i don't feel like it's criminal - but in away i'm glad it's in the underground b/c i would feel spiritually polluted if these substances were found at walmart or target. the mycelium grows in the ground (all across north america) and there's nothing the thought police can do about that.... as it's been that way for millions of years.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycelium
w/ respect and
...peace...
Thank you again, iowa/washingtonblackbird,
I understand. And it sounds so beautiful in the pacific northwest. I've been to the other side of the world, and points in between. But never have gotten to washington or oregon.
You have sparked that pull in me again.
peace and respect back to you as well,
rita
How bout doing GENUINE spirituality?
readyto-
I imagine the therapy would take place in a setting like that of Soylent Green with Edward G Robinson prostrate on a table with an IV in his arm viewing a lovely pastoral scene from long bygone years with (Brahms, Beethoven... yes, even Pink Floyd) playing in the background.
Perhaps this is what the "research" is directed toward?
I wish scientists would spend more time looking into what our polluted food and water, factory farms, marginalized human populations, and desruction of Nature are doing to us.
To cure depression with any drug seems creepy. Didn't the polllution of bodies and resources cause most of this 'depression" in the first place?
Before this recent economic Depression, and even 100 years ago, were Americans so mentally miserable?
yes
stardust-
In modern corporate techno-Newspeak-jargon it is called.... Food Science.
To answer your last question...
Any peoples which exterminates a native population to create a "New Country" upon the bones and ashes of the original inhabitants is very unlikely to be well adjusted and happy. Make sense?
Yes---without a doubt....!
Raping and Lynching Africans could cause some blowback.
Not to mitigate the Native American Holocaust ( and that includes all of the Americas) but almost all the Indigenous people of the world were decimated by colonizers.
Society itself would benefit from increased use of natural hallucinogens.
Magic-mushroom users are peaceful and loving and know to care for the earth and each other.
It is for this reason governments ban them: governments' utter irrelevancy and malignancy is exposed, and they simply can't exist--
Indeed, they did not exist--governments--until alcohol became the dominant human drug.
Alcohol keeps us stupid and grousing with each other.
Psilocybin and similar drugs cause us to love and care for one another.
Funny one is Schedule I (no use at all) and one can be bought by young men who are trained to kill by the Government--
In other words, if we re-establish the holistic worldview (All is one and One is All) given to us by a plant that seems designed for that purpose, factory farms and all the rest go away, because folks simply wouldn't stand for it.
Too small a space to really get it across, but read some Terence McKenna, or, better, take the five dried grams and sit silently in a darkened room for a few hours.
You'll soon know all you need to know.
Surely you don't mean to imply that the same scientists who research psychedelics should research pollution? They wouldn't be qualified.
Furthermore, the idea that depression is some kind of modern invention is naive at best. In the "Good Old Days" the people that were not suited for the terrible difficulty of daily life generally succumbed (i.e. died). If you were not as strong as your neighbors, and there was only enough food for one family, your family died. My guess is that they were pretty depressed during the dark, hungry times leading up to their demise.
Factory farming, though full of evils that we are all familiar with, is part of the reason that the population exploded to such a degree and people that surely would not have survived at all now have to deal merely with being unhappy all the time. Is that better? I don't know.
That isn't to say that only weak people are depressed. Plenty of strong people are also depressed, but it's not because we have technology, which has raised the level of daily life for pretty much everybody in western cultures, even those most lacking in privilege.
We no longer have to crap in outhouses, we no longer die of turburculosis before hitting our tenth birthday, and we no longer have to work the field for 14 hours a day in order to be able to eat food.
And even 100 years ago, people were spreading poisons on the ground to keep bugs and birds away from the crops. The poisons didn't have such fancy names, but they still were poisons.
Lastly, for anyone so enamoured of the past: go back just a little bit farther and you'll find that they were in fact using drugs in pretty much every culture on the face of the earth. So if none of my other arguments have been persuasive, listen to your own argument re-framed: drugs were good enough back in the Good Old Days, so they should be good enough now.
introduction to psychedelic drugs would put drag companies product out of commission - won't happened before democracy
edweg
I'm surprised they mention ketamine (which is not Ecstasy) because it's one of the few addictive psychedelics out there - and plus it's generally injected (yuck). And I'm surprised they didn't mention MDMA (ie ecstasy) which is currently being used to treat PTSD for Iraq and Afghan war vets with excellent results. See the MAPS website: http://www.maps.org/mdma/ptsdpaper.pdf
as well as treat terminal cancer patients with coping with death.
Ketamine is certainly not generally injected, (although that is the proper way to do it), but snorted. My guess is that you've never done it and don't know anyone who has either.
If that's the case, don't disparage it because you really don't know what you're talking about. Numerous studies have supported its effectiveness as a positive tool. Not even to mention its use in actual medical procedures.
Back when the psychedelic revolution was happening, injection was a regular method for acid and psilocybin (and DMT) as well in the clinical studies (and remains the primary method in current clinical studies).
vorpalmusic sez: "Back when the psychedelic revolution was happening, injection was a regular method for acid and psilocybin..."
I knew a lot of people who dropped acid, but not one who shot it. I never even heard of anyone shooting it. What makes you think injection was common?
It's a sick society that allows politics to dictate which drugs medicine can use.
I have no qualms with restricting/regulating access to drugs, e.g. only allowing use of a drug via a doctor's prescription.
If certain drugs are useful or more effective then doctors should be able to prescribe them.
i want to take john yoo on a nice long trip....
Give him what Terence McKenna called "an heroic dose" of psilocybin mushrooms, five dried grams, and Yoo would either die from seeing the error of his ways--
Or he would be healed.
Yoo is a sick fuck, but our sick society produced him. Humans have lost the connection to the planet and each other, the simple truth that you are good to each other, the earth and all it contains, because it IS you. There is no distinction--
Psilocybin would demonstrate that with crystalline clarity to Yoo, and that truth might well destroy him. He would see he had only tortured himself and everything he loves--
Any readers to whom that makes no sense simply haven't been there.
You see it, you never un-see it. A critical mass of people must see again, or we are finished as a race.
December 1970, after the ingestion of LSD25 the trance state called "me and the world" was sufficiently interupted so as to allow fresh information other than the societal and religious hypnotic suggestions. Truth inside and out-priceless-Thanks LSD, CD, and Commenters.
Research into the effects of psychedelics, used in the past in psychiatry, has been restricted in recent decades because of the negative connotations of drugs, but the scientists said more studies into their clinical potential were now justified.
That's how it all got started. The Pentagon and CIA were holding experiments to see how they can use ACID as ....what else...... a weapon.......and people like Ken Kesey and Robert Hunter were the guinea pigs...I mean volunteers. But soon the stuff started finding it's way out of the laboratory. Then an enterprising chemist by the name of Augustus Stanley Owsley III....BEAR for short...started making the stuff by the zillions of doses and turned on the whole freakin' world. ACID was not illegal in Caifornia till October 1966. The ACID TESTS.....(Kesey's tests not the governments tests), started happening about a year earlier.
The Grateful Dead was the house band for the ACID TESTS, Bear was their soundman, and bankrolled them with the finest gear, amps, instruments of the day....from the procedes of "the business" which was still not illegal till 10/66...
All I can say is, if only assholes like Cheney and Rumsfeld, Patreaus and Obama would just dose, we would not be in any of these wars we are in. They'd be too busy checking out the light show.
Dr. Jonas: Gravy for the brain.
Jerry: No... not gravy!
acid and ecstasy together is called a Candy Flip
magic mushrooms and ecstasy together is called a Hippy Flip
Either combo can reset a crashed brain to factory defaults.
The secret is to take them somewhere safe and natural far from cops and idiots. And definitely don't drive!
Life is like running Microsoft's toy operating system. Frequent reboots are required. LSD allows one to do just that.
Acid == CTRL+ALT+DEL for the mind
Uh huh.
That's why I'm Apple/Mac for my 'puter.
And my brain, too, did I tell you? When they did a brain transplant/upgrade I went with the OS X.
NO REBOOTS HERE!
(Ha ha ha! Could NOT resist this one, man. But the Truth of your analogy is greatly appreciated.)
When I mentioned research into LSD to a Nobel Prize winning scientist who was lecturing at CSULB he thought I was out of my mind. I told him that I had microscopic vision for small amounts of time while on LSD. To me this was worth investigating. Microscopic vision without using a microscope from a dose of LSD. To me that is significant. Of course I had no fear mentioning this but he had a lot of fear. So much he would not even discuss the topic. People in audience were interested. Maybe LSD could be used to treat paranoia. The scientist certainly was afraid of talking.
A silent technicolor snowfall like an old color television turned to an off channel
The swirling lines in the contours of smoke
The visual afterimages stuttering behind your moving hand
Breathing
Breathing
Breathing
"LSD occasionally causes psychotic behavior in people who have not taken it." -- Timothy Leary
Great quote.
Well, just wonderful. Anne Blake Tracy has done excellent writing on anti-depressants and their connection to LSD. When I was getting off Paxil in my research it was likened to LSD. I had never taken a mind-altering drug, but I remember sitting at an Al-Anon-AA meeting and someone talking about her experience with LSD and for a long time after kicking the drug still suffering flashbacks of those bad trips. At the time I was about two years off of Paxil and suffering lots of bad trips and flashbacks.
Nope, there is nothing in the world that could make me go near one of these poisons ever, ever again. The experience both on and off the drug was truly horrific and I was forever changed by it.
http://www.outlookcities.com/psych/ATracyPhD.htm
You've never taken acid, and you accordingly have no idea what you are talking about.
The similarities between LSD and Paxil are, literally, None. Pharmacologically, one is a garbage barge (Paxil), the other, a quantum-powered magic micro submarine.
There is also, I'm afraid, not a single case of documented acid flashbacks.
Hunter Thompson himself complained about that fact--something like: Where are all the flashbacks the anti-drug propogandists kept promising me?
Sorry you had a bad time on SSRIs...they are a poison that has no more therapeutic effect than a placebo.
The only flashback I've had, is the instant I hear someone talking about flashbacks, as as in a flashback of remembering someone claiming to have had a flashback.
Another myth, is that Diane Linkletter was on LSD when she jumped out the window.
My experience over 30 years ago on LSD was magnificent, and profound. I wouldn't trade it for anything.
Also, not making the distinction between general sometimes irresponsible and foolish use of LSD, and what might be learned from research is close minded.
There is ample evidence, if you just do some reading, that controlled use in a clinical setting, just a few times or even just once, has had absolute profound positive and life changing effects.
SSRIs are a horror for countless thousands.
You'll be hard pressed to find anyone who became suicidal by the use of any psychedelic.
Compare that with the widespread use, and detrimental effects of alcohol abuse.
Psychedelics are in a class entirely different, with most people doing it once or a hand full of times.