

SUBSCRIBE TO OUR FREE NEWSLETTER
Daily news & progressive opinion—funded by the people, not the corporations—delivered straight to your inbox.
5
#000000
#FFFFFF
To donate by check, phone, or other method, see our More Ways to Give page.


Daily news & progressive opinion—funded by the people, not the corporations—delivered straight to your inbox.
Stephen
Soldz
(617)
935-4246
Dear
President-Elect Obama,
We are
writing to urge you not to
select John Brennan as Director of the CIA. We are psychologists and allies who
have long opposed the abuses of detainees under the Bush administration. We are just concluding a successful
several-year struggle to remove psychologists from their roles in aiding or
abetting these abuses. It has been a distressing fact that, while the Bush
administration resorted to abuse and torture of those in our custody, often
psychologists have been put in positions to use their psychological expertise to
guide these unconscionable practices.
We look
forward to your administration as an opportunity for genuine change - in this
case for our country to take a new direction in its treatment of
prisoners. We applaud your commitment to closing Guantanamo and are encouraged by your clear statement from
your 60
Minutes interview last
Sunday, "America doesn't torture, and I'm
gonna make sure that we don't torture." This fuels our hope for a decisive
repudiation of the "dark side" - the willingness to use or abet illegal and
unethical coercive interrogation tactics that sometimes amount to torture and
often constitute cruel, inhuman and degrading
treatment.
We are
concerned, however, by reports that you may appoint John Brennan as Director of
the CIA. Mr. Brennan served as a
high official in George Tenet's CIA and supported Tenet's policies, including
"enhanced interrogations" as well as "renditions" to torturing countries.
According to his own statements, Mr. Brennan was a supporter of the "dark side"
policies, wishing only to have some legal justification supplied in order to
protect CIA operatives. In describing Director Tenet's views he stated during a
March 8,
2006 Frontline
interview:
I think
George [Tenet] had two concerns. One is to make sure that there was that legal
justification, as well as protection for CIA officers who are going to be
engaged in some of these things, so that they would not be then prosecuted or
held liable for actions that were being directed by the administration. So we
want to make sure the findings and other things were done probably with the
appropriate Department of Justice review.
We know, of
course, that "the appropriate Department of Justice review" means that torture
was authorized and conducted by our government.
The use of
these tactics goes against the moral fiber of our country and is never
justified. This is true whether these "enhanced interrogation" techniques are
used directly by U.S. forces, as in the CIA's "black sites," or by other
countries acting as our surrogates, as in the "renditions" program where
individuals are taken to countries practicing torture, resulting in suffering
inflicted by that country's forces.
We are well
aware that these techniques are ineffective as well as immoral. There is
extensive evidence that abused detainees are likely to say anything, true or
false, to make the pain stop, leading to faulty intelligence. Furthermore, use
of torture and other coercive techniques alienates our allies, strengthens the
commitment of our enemies, and puts our own captured soldiers at risk.
Earlier
this year Mr. Brennan argued in a National Journal interview that a new
administration will have great continuity with the Bush-Cheney administration in
its intelligence policies:
Even though
people may criticize what has happened during the two Bush administrations,
there has been a fair amount of continuity. A new administration, be it
Republican or Democrat -- you're going to have a fairly significant change of
people involved at the senior-most levels. And I would argue for continuity in
those early stages. You don't want to whipsaw the [intelligence] community. You
don't want to presume knowledge about how things fit together and why things are
being done the way they are being done. And you have to understand the
implication, then, of making any major changes or redirecting things. I'm hoping
there will be a number of professionals coming in who have an understanding of
the evolution of the capabilities in the community over the past six years,
because there is a method to how things have changed and
adapted.
In order to
restore American credibility and the rule of law, our country needs a clear and
decisive repudiation of the "dark side" at this crucial turning point in our
history. We need officials to clearly and without ambivalence assert the rule of
law. Mr. Brennan is not an appropriate choice to lead us in this direction. The
country cannot afford to have him as director of our most important intelligence
agencies.
As
psychologists and other concerned Americans, we ask you to reject Mr. Brennan as
Director of the CIA. His appointment would dishearten and alienate those who
opposed torture under the Bush administration. We ask you to appoint a Director
who will truly represent "the change we need."
We eagerly
await your administration and the new spirit it represents.
Best wishes
for a successful administration,
Sincerely,
* Affiliations for identification purposes
only
*
Stephen
Soldz, Ph.D., Boston Graduate School of Psychoanalysis & Coalition
for an Ethical Psychology
Lorri
Greene, Ph.D., Psychologist, San
Diego, CA
Frank
Summers, Ph.D., ABPP, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,
Northwestern University Medical School
Ruth
Fallenbaum, Ph.D., Berkeley,
CA
Neil
Altman, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis,
New York
University
Dan Aalbers
Martha
Davis, Ph.D., John
Jay College of Criminal Justice,
NYC
Robert
Parker, Ph.D., Member American Psychological Association since
1985
Member Washington State Psychological Association since
1991
Jancis
Long, Ph.D., President, Psychologists for Social Responsibility, Member, APA
Division 39 Section 9 Psychoanalysts for Social Responsibility, Berkeley, CA
Jean Maria
Arrigo, Ph.D., Project on Ethics and Art in
Testimony
Steven
Reisner, Ph.D., NYU Medical
School & Coalition for
an Ethical Psychology
Brad Olson,
Ph.D., Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
Ellen G.
Levine, Ph.D., M.P.H., San Francisco
State University, Hayward, CA
David
Sloan-Rossiter, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Psychoanalysis & Boston
Institute of Psychotherapy
David
Ramirez, Ph.D., Swarthmore College
John M.
Stewart, Ph.D., Emeritus Professor of Psychology, Northland College, Washburn, WI
Susan
Herman, Ph.D., ABPP, New
York University Postdoctoral Program, Little
Falls, NJ
Susan
Phipps-Yonas, Ph.D., L.P., Minneapolis, MN
Coalition
for an Ethical Psychology
Muriel Dimen, Ph.D., NYU Postdoctoral Program in
Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis
Joe
Gorin, Ph.D., Washington,
DC
Leigh
Messinides, Ph.D., Long
Beach, CA
Alice
Lowe Shaw, Ph.D., San
Francisco, CA
Laura
L. Doty, Ph.D., Santa Rosa,
CA
Susan
Rosbrow-Reich, Ph.D., Psychoanalyst and Psychologist, Faculty
Psychoanalytic Institute of
New England East, Mass Institute
for Psychoanalysis, Psychoanalytic Couple and Family Institute of New England, and Member, Coalition for an Ethical
Psychology
Judie
Alpert, Ph.D., Faculty and Supervisor, NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy
and Psychoanalysis, and Professor of Applied
Psychology
Department of Applied Psychology, New York University
Donnel B.
Stern, Ph.D., William Alanson White Institute
Johanna
Tiemann, Ph.D., NYU Postdoctoral Program
Julie
Gerhardt, Ph.D., Palo Alto,
CA
Ronna
Friend, M.A., Eugene,
OR
Susan
Reese, Ph.D., Arizona Center for Psychoanalytic Studies, Tucson, AZ
Larry
Welkowitz, Ph.D., Prof. of Psychology, Keene
State College, Keene,
NH
James
Hopper, Ph.D., Arlington,
MA
Philip V. Hull, Ph.D., Psychologist (HI, CA,
New Zealand), Faleola Pacific Island Mental Health Services, Otahuhu, Auckland, Aotearoa/New Zealand
Nancy
Hollander, Ph.D., Psychologist & Professor Emeritus of
Latin
American history at
California
State University
John P.
Neafsey, Psy.D., Chicago,
IL
Ronnie C.
Lesser, Ph.D., Dartmouth Medical
College, Hanover,
NH
Stephen
Sideroff, Ph.D.
Kathleen Malley-Morrison, Ed.D., Boston University, Boston, MA
Irwin Z.
Hoffman, Ph.D., Lecturer in Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of
Medicine, Chicago, IL
David G.
Byrom, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, Co-Director, Family Therapy Institute of
Suffolk, Smithtown, NY
Claudia
Luiz, M.Ed., Cert. Psya.
Milton
Strauss, Research Psychologist, Corrales, NM
David
DeBatto, Author/Speaker, U.S.
Army Counterintelligence Special Agent (ret.), Tampa, FL
Katie
Gentile, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Counseling and Gender Studies, Women's
Center Director, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York,
NY
Laurel Bass Wagner, Ph.D.,
Dallas, TX
Abram
Trosky, B.A., MALA., Ph.D. candidate, Boston University, Presidential Teaching Fellow,
Political Science Department, Boston, MA
Cynthia Colvin, Ph.D., Oakland, CA
Kathy
French, Ed.D., Professor, Behavior Science Department; Coordinator, UVU Martin
Luther King, Jr. Commemoration; Utah Valley
University
Stefan R.
Zicht, Psy.D., Co-Director, Manhattan Institute for Psychoanalysis and
President, NY State Psychological Assn Division of
Psychoanalysis
Thomas Rosbrow, Ph.D., A.B.P.P., San Francisco, CA
Norbert A. Wetzel, Th.D., Licensed Psychologist and
Marriage and Family Therapist, Director, Princeton Family Institute, and
Director of Training, Center for Family, Community, and Social Justice, Inc.,
Princeton, NJ
Rachael Peltz Ph.D., Psychoanalytic Institute of Northern
California, Berkeley, CA
Lawrence O. Brown, Ph.D.,
Fellow, Teaching Faculty and Supervisor of Psychotherapy, William Alanson White
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Psychology, New York, NY
Drew
Tillotson, Psy.D., Clinical Psychologist, San Francisco, CA
Lynn
Perlman, Ph.D., Newton,
MA
Luisa
M. Saffiotti, Ph.D., Licensed Psychologist, Chevy Chase, MD
Barbara Eisold, Ph.D., New York, NY
Sharon
Gadberry, Ph.D., San
Francisco, CA
Anne
M. Downes, Ph.D., Hampshire
College, Amherst, MA
Arthur J.
Eccleston, Psy.D., Chapel
Hill, NC
Mark S. Kane, Ph.D., Big Rapids,
MI
Cornelia St. John, M.A., MFT, Psychoanalytic
Institute of Northern California, Oakland, CA
Kristi Schermerhorn, Ph.D., Redmond, WA
Amal
Sedky Winter, Ph.D., American
University in Cairo
Sarah R.
Kamens, M.A., European Graduate
School, New York,
NY
Sonia
Orenstein, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Samantha Hoyt, Boston, MA
Melanie
Suchet, Ph.D., Executive Editor, Psychoanalytic
Dialogues
Dr.
Trudy Bond, Private Practice, Toledo, OH
Mary
Pelton-Cooper, Psy.D., Licensed Psychologist, Associate Professor, Northern Michigan
University
Peter Gumpert,
Ph.D., Brookline, MA
Michael O'Loughlin, Ph.D., Adelphi University, NY
Thomas S. Greenspon,
Ph.D., LP, LMFT, Minneapolis, MN
Rivkah
Lapidus, Ph.D., Somerville,
MA
Lynne
Layton, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School, Brookline, MA
Patricia Sherman, Ph.D., LCSW, Long Valley, NJ
Elizabeth
Hegeman, Ph.D., John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY, and William Alanson
White Institute, New York, NY
Kathleen H.
Dockett, Ed.D., Psychologists for Social
Responsibility
Herb
Gingold, Ph.D., Psychologist, New
York, NY
Wes
Alwan, Somerville,
MA
Anthony J. Marsella, Ph.D., Past President (2007-2008),
Psychologists for Social Responsibility (Washington, DC),
Alpharetta, GA
Leila F.
Dane, Ph.D., Executive Director, Institute for Victims of Trauma,
McLean, VA
Elaine
Gould, Ph.D., Member, APA
Marc
Pilisuk, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, The University of California and Professor,
Saybrook Graduate School and Research Center, Berkeley,
CA
Dori Smith,
Producer, Talk Nation Radio in CT
Ann
D'Ercole, Ph.D., ABPP, NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and
Psychoanalysis
Andrea
Cousins, Ph.D., Psy.D., Pioneer Valley Coalition Against Secrecy & Torture,
Western Massachusetts & Albany Association for Psychoanalytic Psychology
(Local Chapter, Division 39, APA)
Carolyn
Hicks, Ed.D.
Frank
Marotta, Ph.D.
Thomas
Greening, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, Saybrook Graduate School and Clinical Professor, UCLA,
Private Practice
Barbara
Pearson, Ph.D., Westchester Center for the Study of Psychoanalysis and
Psychotherapy
Barbara C.
Greenspon, M.A., Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Minneapolis, MN
Virginia S.
Elliott, Cert. PsyA, Brighton MA
Milton Schwebel, Ph.D., Rutgers University
David
Lotto, Ph.D., Licensed Psychologist, Pittsfield, MA
Colleen
Cordes, Executive Director, Psychologists for Social
Responsibility
Martha A.
Nathan, M.D., Baystate Brightwood Medical Center, Springfield, MA
Nina K.
Thomas, Ph.D., ABPP, NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and
Psychoanalysis
Stuart A. Pizer, Ph.D., ABPP, Cambridge, MA
M.
Brinton Lykes, Ph.D., Professor of Psychology, Associate Director, Center for
Human Rights & International Justice, Boston College
Gemma
Marangoni Ainslie, Ph.D., ABPP, Austin, TX
Elaine Gifford, LICSW, Sudbury MA
Virginia
Goldner, Ph.D., Adjunct Clinical Professor, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, New York University, New York,
NY
Lisa
Sutton, Ph.D., Director of Clinical Training, Boston Institute for
Psychotherapy, Brookline,
MA
Polly
Scarvalone, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Jay
Frankel, Ph.D., Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor, New York University
Sue A Shapiro, Ph.D., NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy & Psychoanalysis,
New York,
NY
Caryn
Gorden, Psy.D., New York, NY
Nancy
Atlas, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Helaine
Gold, Ph.D.
Bruce
Berman, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Andrea
Remez, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Steven Botticelli, Ph.D., New York, NY
Adrienne E Harris, Ph.D., New York, NY
Lisa Lyons,
Ph.D., Teaneck, NJ
Susan
Parlow, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Jill
Salberg, Ph.D., New York University
Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, New York, NY
Mary
Pike, B.A. Art Institute, ESL Resource Room Supervisor for Highland Park High
School, Highland
Park, IL
Zeese
Papanikolas, M.A., Retired Professor of
Humanities
Stephanie Noland, Ph.D., New York, NY
Helaine Gold, Ph.D., NYU Postdoctoral Program in
Psychotherapy & Psychoanalysis New York, NY
Steven
Cooper, Ph.D., Joint Chief Editor, Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Cambridge, MA
Laurel E.
Phoenix, Ph.D., Public and Environmental Affairs, UWGB, Green Bay, WI
Elizabeth Kandall, Ph.D., New York, NY
Anita
R. Herron, Ph.D., New York University
Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, New York, NY
Lynne
Kwalwasser, Ph.D., Supervisor, NYU Postdoctoral Program, New York, NY
Lynn
Leibowitz, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Latika Mangrulkar, MSW, ACSW, Steering Committee,
Psychologists for Social Responsibility, Santa Rosa, CA
Mary
Libbey, Ph.D., New York,
NY
Andrew
Tatarsky, Ph.D., Founding Executive board member, Division on Addiction and
Co-directer, Harm Reduction Psychotherapy and Training Associates
Roanne Barnett, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, New York, NY
Margaret
White, Ph.D., Upper
Montclair, NJ
Candy
Siegel, Ph.D., Tucson,
AZ
Zeborah Schachtel, Ph.D., NYU Postdoctoral Program in
Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, New
York, NY
Elizabeth Wolfe, Psy.D., Clinical Psychologist,
Westport, CT
Judith
Merbaum, Ph.D., Great Neck, NY
Amy
Schwartz, Ph.D., NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy,
New York, NY
Cathy
S Nelson, MSW, LISW, Ames,
IA
Martin
Devine, Psy.D., New York
University
Amy Schaffer, Ph.D., New York, NY
Nancy Caro
Hollander, Ph.D., Los Angeles Institute and Society for Psychoanalytic
Studies
Michele
Bartnett
Kate
Dunn, Psy. D., Brooklyn,
NY
Nancy
Freeman-Carroll, Psy.D., Clinical Psychologist-Psychoanalyst, William Alanson
White Institute, NYSPA, APA, New
York, NY
A. Raja
Hornstein, Psy.D., Clinical Psychologist, San Rafael, CA
Catherine M. Rossiter, LMT, Sayre, PA
Meg
Sandow, Psy.D., CA
David
Lichtenstein, Ph.D., New
York, NY
Richard
Reichbart, Ph.D., Institute for Psychoanalytic Training and Research
(IPTAR)
Ann Marie
Truppi, Ph.D.
Evelyn Pye,
Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute for Psychoanalysis, American Psychological
Association
Carol
Wachs, Psy.D., New York, NY
Katharine
G. Baker, Ph.D., Northampton, MA
Judith G. Pott, Ph.D., New York, NY
Glenys Lobban, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, New York, NY
Lisa
Fliegel, ATR-BC, LMHC, Boston Institute for Psychotherapy School-based
program
Helen
Brackett, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, New York, NY
Dara Lyn
Petersen, Psychology Student, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
Christine Girard, Ph.D., New York, NY
Andrew Phelps, Ph.D. (mathematics), San Jose City College
Jane
Brodwyn, Psy.D., Northampton, MA
Jeanne
Wolff Bernstein, Ph.D., PINC
Stephen Benson, Ph.D., Blue Hill, ME
Kirsten Lentz, Ph.D., Candidate, NYU Postdoctoral Program
in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, New York, NY
Francia
White, Doctoral Candidate, Boston Graduate School of Psychoanalysis, and Center for
Modern Psychoanalytic Studies
Neville D. Frankel, Newton, MA
Arthur J. Lebow, Ph.D., St. Paul, MN
Luise
Eichenbaum, LCSW, The Women's Therapy Centre
Institute
William Auerbach, Ph.D.,
Psychologist
Ken
Corbett, Ph.D., Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychology, The New York University Program in Psychotherapy and
Psychoanalysis
Carol
Smaldino, LCSW, Port
Washington, NY
Angelo Smaldino, LCSW, Senior Member of National
Psychological Association for Psychoanalysis, Port Washington, NY
Susan
Gutwill, MS, LCSW
Brigitte
Ladisch, Ph.D.
Connie Evert, Ph.D., Philadelphia, PA
Diane
Perlman, Ph.D., Co-Chair, Psychologists for Social Responsibility Initiative on
Global Violence, Terrorism and Nuclear Disarmament, Transcend and Abolition,
2000
Quotation
Sources:
60 Minutes (November 16, 2003). Obama On Economic Crisis, Transition.
Downloaded November 23, 2008 from https://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/11/16/60minutes/printable4607893.shtml
Frontline. (March 8, 2006). The Dark Side. Downloaded
November 23, 2008 from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/darkside/interviews/brennan.html
National Journal (March 7, 2008). Q&A with John
Brennan: The Counterterror Campaign. Downloaded November 23, 2008 from
https://news.nationaljournal.com/articles/080307nj1.htm
"This is militarized authoritarianism," said one advocacy group. "We must act to stop it now, before it spreads to enflame the entire region, if not the entire globe, in a dangerous, unnecessary conflict."
Protests broke out at US diplomatic outposts across the globe Saturday and Sunday following the Trump administration's deadly attack on Venezuela and abduction of the nation's president, brazen violations of international law that—according to the American president—were just the start of a sustained intervention in Venezuela's politics and oil industry.
Demonstrators took to the streets of Brussels, Madrid, Ankara, Mexico City, Los Angeles, and other major cities worldwide to voice opposition to the US assault on Venezuela and Trump administration officials' pledge to "run" the country's government for an unspecified period of time, a plan that Venezuelan leaders have publicly met with defiance.
The US Mission to Mexico—one of several Latin American countries Trump threatened in the aftermath of the attack on Venezuela—warned in an alert issued Saturday that "a protest denouncing US actions against Venezuela continues to take place in front of the US Embassy in the Polanco neighborhood of Mexico City."
"Protestors have thrown rocks and painted vandalism on exterior walls," the alert read. "Social media posts about the protest have included anti-American sentiment. Embassy personnel have been advised to avoid the area."





The global demonstrations came as some world leaders, including top European officials, faced backlash for failing to adequately condemn—or condemn at all—the US attack on Venezuela and continued menacing of a sovereign nation.
Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, said she supports "a peaceful and democratic transition," without mentioning or denouncing the illegal abduction of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro and US bombings that reportedly killed at least 40 people, including civilians.
Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis declared that "this is not the time to comment on the legality of the recent actions" as protesters gathered in Athens in opposition to the US assault.
"If you still believe that the European Union cares about international law, then look no further," wrote Progressive International co-general coordinator David Adler, pointing to Mitsotakis' statement.
"We are outraged, but this moment demands more than outrage. It demands organized, coordinated resistance."
Mass protests and demands for international action to halt US aggression proliferated amid ongoing questions about how the Trump administration intends to carry out its stated plan to control Venezuela and exploit its oil reserves—objectives that experts say would run afoul of domestic and international law.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, who played a central role in planning the Venezuela attack and has been chosen by Trump to manage the aftermath, said Sunday that the administration intends to keep in place a military "quarantine" around the South American nation—including the massive naval force amassed in the Caribbean in recent months—to pressure the country's leadership to bow to US demands.
"That's a tremendous amount of leverage that will continue to be in place until we see changes, not just to further the national interest of the United States, which is number one, but also that lead to a better future for the people of Venezuela," Rubio said in a television interview.
Rubio also suggested the president could deploy US troops to Venezuela and dodged questions about the legal authority the Trump administration has to intervene in the country. The administration has not sought congressional authorization for any of its attacks on vessels in the Caribbean or Venezuela directly.
US Rep. Greg Casar (D-Texas), chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, said Sunday that "in recent history, we've tried 'running' multiple countries in Latin America and the Middle East. It's been a disaster for us, and for them, every single time."
"Congress must pass a War Powers Resolution to get our military back to defending the US, instead of 'running' Venezuela," Casar added.
Progressive Democrats of America echoed that demand, saying in a statement that "this is militarized authoritarianism."
"We must act to stop it now, before it spreads to enflame the entire region, if not the entire globe, in a dangerous, unnecessary conflict," the group added. "We are outraged, but this moment demands more than outrage. It demands organized, coordinated resistance."
"They have spoken openly about controlling Venezuela’s oil reserves, the largest in the world," said US Sen. Bernie Sanders. "It recalls the darkest chapters of US interventions in Latin America."
US President Donald Trump left no doubt on Saturday that a—or perhaps the—primary driver of his decision to illegally attack Venezuela, abduct its president, and pledge to indefinitely run its government was his desire to control and exploit the country's oil reserves, which are believed to be the largest in the world.
Over the course of Trump's lengthy press conference following Saturday's assault, the word "oil" was mentioned dozens of times as the president vowed to unleash powerful fossil fuel giants on the South American nation and begin "taking a tremendous amount of wealth out of the ground"—with a healthy cut of it going to the US "in the form of reimbursement" for the supposed "damages caused us" by Venezuela.
"We're going to have our very large United States oil companies, the biggest anywhere in the world, go in, spend billions of dollars, fix the badly broken infrastructure, and start making money for the country," Trump said, suggesting American troops could be deployed, without congressional authorization, to bolster such efforts.
"We're going to get the oil flowing the way it should be," he added.
Currently, Chevron is the only US-based oil giant operating in Venezuela, whose oil industry and broader economy have been badly hampered by US sanctions. In a statement on Saturday, a Chevron spokesperson said the company is "prepared to work constructively with the US government during this period, leveraging our experience and presence to strengthen US energy security."
Other oil behemoths, some of which helped bankroll Trump's presidential campaign, are likely licking their chops—even if they've been mostly quiet in the wake of the US attack, which was widely condemned as unlawful and potentially catastrophic for the region. Amnesty International said Saturday that "the stated US intention to run Venezuela and control its oil resources" likely "constitutes a violation of international law."
"The most powerful multinational fossil fuel corporations stand to benefit from these aggressions, and US oil and gas companies are poised to exploit the chaos."
Thomas O'Donnell, an energy and geopolitical strategist, told Reuters that "the company that probably will be very interested in going back [to Venezuela] is Conoco," noting that an international arbitration tribunal has ordered Caracas to pay the company around $10 billion for alleged "unlawful expropriation" of oil investments.
The Houston Chronicle reported that "Exxon, America’s largest oil company, which has for years grown its presence in South America, would be among the most likely US oil companies to tap Venezuela’s deep oil reserves. The company, along with fellow Houston giant ConocoPhillips, had a number of failed contract attempts with Venezuela under Maduro and former President Hugo Chavez."
Elizabeth Bast, executive director of the advocacy group Oil Change International, said in a statement Saturday that the Trump administration's escalation in Venezuela "follows a historic playbook: undermine leftist governments, create instability, and clear the path for extractive companies to profit."
"The most powerful multinational fossil fuel corporations stand to benefit from these aggressions, and US oil and gas companies are poised to exploit the chaos and carve up one of the world's most oil-rich territories," said Bast. "The US must stop treating Latin America as a resource colony. The Venezuelan people, not US oil executives, must shape their country’s future."
US Sen. Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.) said that the president's own words make plain that his attack on Venezuela and attempt to impose his will there are "about trying to grab Venezuela's oil for Trump's billionaire buddies."
In a statement, US Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) echoed that sentiment, calling Trump's assault on Venezuela "rank imperialism."
"They have spoken openly about controlling Venezuela’s oil reserves, the largest in the world," said Sanders. "It recalls the darkest chapters of US interventions in Latin America, which have left a terrible legacy. It will and should be condemned by the democratic world."
“What is being done to Venezuela is barbaric," said Delcy Rodríguez, who assumed the role of interim president following the US abduction of Nicolás Maduro.
Venezuelan Vice President Delcy Rodríguez, who assumed the role of interim president following the US abduction of Nicolás Maduro, said in a televised address Saturday that "we will never again be a colony of any empire," defying the Trump administration's plan to indefinitely control Venezuela's government and exploit its vast oil reserves.
“We are determined to be free,” declared Rodríguez, who demanded that the US release Maduro from custody and said he is still Venezuela's president.
“What is being done to Venezuela is barbaric," she added.
Rodríguez's defiant remarks came after US President Donald Trump claimed he is "designating various people" to run Venezuela's government, suggested American troops could be deployed, and threatened a "second wave" of attacks on the country if its political officials don't bow to the Trump administration's demands.
Trump also threatened "all political and military figures in Venezuela," warning that "what happened to Maduro can happen to them." Maduro is currently detained in Brooklyn and facing fresh US charges.
Rodríguez's public remarks contradicted the US president's claim that she privately pledged compliance with the Trump administration's attempts to control Venezuela's political system and oil infrastructure. The interim president delivered her remarks alongside top Venezuelan officials, including legislative and judicial leaders, Interior Minister Diosdado Cabello, and Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino, a projection of unity in the face of US aggression.
"Doesn’t feel like a nation that is ready to let Donald Trump and Marco Rubio 'run it,'" said US Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), who condemned the Trump administration for "starting an illegal war with Venezuela that Americans didn’t ask for and has nothing to do with our security."