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An official announcement is expected very soon.
The Biden administration is considering providing Ukraine with cluster bombs and may announce this decision in early July, NBC News reports.
“We have been thinking about DPICM for a long time,” Gen. Mark A. Milley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said Friday at the National Press Club. “Yes, of course, there’s a decision-making process ongoing.”
Dual-purpose improved conventional munitions (DPICMs) are surface-to-surface warheads that burst and disperse deadly multiple, smaller bomblets over a wide area. Many bomblets fail to explode on initial impact, leaving duds that can indiscriminately wound and kill, like landmines, for many years.
DPICMs can be fired from the U.S.'s howitzer artillery systems already provided to Ukraine. Ukraine has asked the U.S. for DPICMs since last year, but the idea has met resistance.
Over 120 countries, including 23 NATO countries, ban them under the Convention on Cluster Munitions treaty.
The Convention on Cluster Munitions prohibits cluster munitions' use, production, acquisition, transfer, and stockpiling and requires the destruction of stockpiles.
The U.S., Ukraine, and Russia are not signatories to the treaty.
This week, in a letter obtained by POLITICO, 14 Senate Democrats wrote to Biden's national security adviser Jake Sullivan that “the humanitarian costs and damage to coalition unity of providing U.S. cluster munitions would outweigh the tactical benefits, and urge the president not to approve such a transfer.”
“They are indiscriminate, and they harm civilians,” said Washington director of Human Rights Watch, Sarah Yager told the Washington Post. “We are also talking about breaking a global norm against using cluster munitions, at least for countries that believe in humanity even in times of war.”
“These duds are dangerous because they are so easily triggered, making them a threat to everyone who enters an area where they have been fired,” said Brian Castner, a senior crisis adviser at Amnesty International. “It’s like scattering random booby traps across the battlefield.”
This is the text of a recent letter to President Biden:
Wednesday, June 14, 2023
Dear Mr. President,
We, the undersigned organizations, write with grave concerns over the potential transfer of United States cluster munitions to Ukraine. We sincerely appreciate your Administration’s firm stance in not transferring any U.S. cluster munitions to Ukraine to date. Despite recent calls from members of Congress and Ukrainian leaders for the United States to transfer cluster munitions to Ukraine, we strongly urge you to remain steadfast.
The U.S. Cluster Munition Coalition condemns in the strongest possible terms the use, production, transfer, or stockpiling of cluster munitions by any party. Cluster munitions are among the most harmful weapons to civilians, as they are designed to disperse indiscriminately across a wide area and often fail to explode on initial use, littering communities with unstable unexploded ordnance and causing devastating harm to civilians, and especially children, years after a conflict ends.
Cluster munitions have been used repeatedly by the Russian military since its full-scale invasion in February of 2022, with devastating impacts on civilians and civilian objects, including homes, hospitals, and schools, according to Human Rights Watch. The Ukrainian military has also used cluster munitions on multiple occasions.iii On April 8, 2022, a cluster munitions attack by Russia killed at least 58 civilians and injured over 100 others in the city of Kramatorsk—this is just one of the hundreds of documented, reported, or credibly alleged, cluster munition attacks in Ukraine since the 2022 invasion. The United States must not be complicit in the use of these indiscriminate weapons.
Any claims of potential tactical benefits of the transfer and subsequent use of cluster munitions by Ukraine in the defense of its territory, dismisses both the substantial danger that cluster munitions pose to civilians, and the international consensus on their prohibition.
Were the United States to transfer these prohibited weapons, it would run counter to the global consensus, embodied in the 123 countries who are signatories or states parties to the Convention on Cluster Munitions, which bans the use, production, transfer, and stockpiling of these weapons. While neither the Russian Federation, Ukraine nor the United States are party to the Convention, 23 NATO members are among the state parties. Beyond making the United States a global outlier, acting in contradiction to partner nations’ and NATO allies’ express ban on the transfer and use of these weapons could hurt the U.S.’ ability to forge and maintain coalitions that have been so crucial to supporting Ukraine. It would also harm efforts to promote other arms control agreements.
Although the United States is regrettably not party to the Convention, a long-standing congressional mandate prohibits the transfer of any cluster munitions with a failure rate greater than 1%, which effectively forbids the transfer of any existing U.S. stockpiled cluster munitions.iv Additionally, twice in the past year,v members of Congress have written your Administration calling for the United States to “be leading the global effort to rid the world of these weapons, not continuing to stockpile them” and urged you to “promptly order a review of U.S. policy on cluster munitions with the goal of halting their use, production, export, and stockpiling and putting the United States on a path to join the Convention on Cluster Munitions.” We urge your Administration to continue to heed this congressional mandate and intent.
Cluster munitions are indiscriminate weapons that disproportionately harm civilians, both at the time of use and for years after a conflict has ended. We greatly appreciate your committed stance against transferring these weapons while supporting the Ukrainian people – and we urge you to remain resolute in resisting recent calls.
Sincerely,
U.S. Cluster Munition Coalition (USCMC) Members:
American Friends Service Committee
Amnesty International USA
Arms Control Association
Center for Civilians in Conflict (CIVIC)
Democracy for the Arab World Now (DAWN)
Friends Committee on National Legislation
Human Rights Watch
Humanity & Inclusion
Landmines Blow!
Legacies of War
Maryknoll Office for Global Concerns
Mines Advisory Group (MAG) US
Nobel Women's Initiative
Physicians for Human Rights
Presbyterian Church, (USA) Office of Public Witness
Proud Students Against Landmines and Cluster Bombs (PSALM)
The Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft
UNICEF USA
United Church of Christ, Justice and Local Church Ministries
West Virginia Campaign to Ban Landmines and Cluster Munitions
Win Without War
Partners:
18 Million Rising
Aurora Commons
Center for International Policy
Children of Vietnam
Church of the Brethren, Office of Peacebuilding and Policy
Foreign Policy for America
No Ethics in Big Tech
Nonviolent Peaceforce
Oxfam America
Pax Christi USA
Peace Action
Plan International USA
RootsAction.org
Saferworld
Shadow World Investigations
Sisters of Mercy of the Americas - Justice Team
Spirit of Soccer
cc: National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan, Secretary of State Antony Blinken, Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin
An annual report published Tuesday by the Pentagon claiming that the U.S. military only killed 12 noncombatants last year was met with skepticism by civilian casualty monitors, who perennially accuse the United States of undercounting the people killed by its bombs and bullets.
"They were targeting people. It was intentional."
The U.S. Department of Defense "assesses that there were approximately 12 civilians killed and approximately five civilians injured during 2021 as a result of U.S. military operations," the report--the fifth of its kind--states.
However, the U.K.-based monitor group Airwars counted between 12 and 25 civilians likely killed by U.S. forces, sometimes working with coalition allies, in Syria alone last year, with another two to four people killed in Somalia and one to four killed in Yemen.
"Once again the confirmed civilian casualty count is below what communities on the ground are reporting," Airwars director Emily Tripp told Al Jazeera.
Airwars does not count civilians killed or wounded in Afghanistan, where all of the 2021 casualties acknowledged by the Pentagon occurred. These incidents include an errant August 29 drone strike that killed 10 people--most of them members of one family--including seven children.
No one was ever held accountable for the attack, which Joint Chiefs of Staff Chair Gen. Mark Milley first described as a "righteous strike."
\u201cYeah, right. Pentagon alleges only 12 civilians killed by US troops in 2021 https://t.co/F2I4CG87mi\u201d— Sharmine Narwani (@Sharmine Narwani) 1664380723
However, nearly 20 witnesses who spoke to CNN after a suicide bomber killed more than 100 Afghans and 13 U.S. troops on August 26 during the rushed American withdrawal from the country said that U.S. and British troops opened fire on the panicking crowd, killing and wounding many civilians.
"They were targeting people. It was intentional," said one survivor. "In front of me, people were getting shot at and falling down."
Although the U.S. military claimed all of the casualties at the airport that day were caused by the bombing, a doctor working at a local hospital said that "there were two kinds of injuries... people burnt from the blast with lots of holes in their bodies. But with the gunshots, you can see just one or two holes--in the mouth, in the head, in the eye, in the chest."
The Italian-run Emergency Surgical Center in Kabul said it received nine bodies with gunshot wounds following the bombing.
Despite all this--and forensic analysts' assertions that so many people could not have been killed by a single bomb--a spokesperson for U.S. Central Command refuted the claim that U.S. troops shot civilians at Kabul's airport, attributing eyewitness accounts, including by people who were shot, to "jumbled memories."
\u201cAfghans Demand Truth About Kabul Airport Massacre as U.S. Continues to Deny Soldiers Shot Civilians https://t.co/tDeAgyOoPN\u201d— Democracy Now! (@Democracy Now!) 1644505633
U.S. administrations have long been accused of undercounting civilians killed by American forces. During the administration of former President George W. Bush, top officials dismissed the carnage that critics warned the so-called "War on Terror" would cause, with one top general declaring that "we don't do body counts." The vast majority of the hundreds of thousands of civilians killed in the war died during Bush's two terms.
While civilian casualties declined dramatically during the tenure of former President Barack Obama, his administration was criticized for relying heavily upon unmanned aerial drones--whose strikes killed hundreds of civilians in more nations than were bombed by Bush--and for redefining "militant" to mean all military-aged males in a targeted strike zone in a bid to falsely lower noncombatant casualty figures.
Former President Donald Trump dispensed with pretenses, relaxing rules of engagement meant to protect civilians from harm and vowing to "bomb the shit out of" Islamic State militants and "take out their families." Then-Defense Secretary James Mattis--who earned his "Mad Dog" moniker during the fight for Fallujah in which hundreds of civilians were killed or wounded by American forces--said in 2017 that noncombatant deaths "are a fact of life" as the U.S. transitioned from a policy of "attrition" to one of "annihilation" in the war against Islamic State.
The result was a sharp increase in civilian casualties as U.S. and allied forces laid waste to entire cities like Mosul, Iraq and Raqqa, Syria, killing and wounding thousands of men, women, and children. As Common Dreams reported at the time, Trump's decision to loosen rules of engagement was blamed for a more than 300% spike in civilian casualties in Afghanistan as well.
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U.S.-caused civilian casualties have declined precipitously with the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan, although deadly incidents still occasionally occur. The initial annual Pentagon civilian casualty report, released during the Trump administration's first year, admitted to 499 civilians killed by U.S. forces. The true figure is believed to be much higher.
Last month, human rights groups cautiously welcomed news that the U.S. military--which has killed more civilians in foreign wars than any other armed force on Earth in the post-World War II era--published a plan aimed at reducing noncombatant casualties.
Anti-war advocates accused the Biden administration of continued warmongering late Friday into Saturday after President Joe Biden confirmed he plans to send U.S. troops to Eastern Europe.
"I'll be moving troops to Eastern Europe in the NATO countries in the near term," Biden told reporters at Joint Base Andrews late Friday. "Not too many."
Earlier this week, the president announced that 8,500 troops were standing ready for a potential deployment to confront what the White House says is an imminent attack by Russian forces in Ukraine--despite pleas by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky to stop creating "panic."
In a phone call Thursday night, Zelensky reportedly questioned the Biden administration's belief--promoted by the corporate media--that a Russian invasion is "imminent."
"I'm the president of Ukraine, I'm based here and I think I know the details deeper than any other president," Zelensky told the press after the call. "The image that mass media creates is that we have troops on the roads, we have mobilization, people are leaving for places. That's not the case. We don't need this panic."
Veteran journalist John Pilger tweeted that Zelensky's comments exposed "the warmongering of Biden... as a crime."
\u201cUkraine's president Zelensky has denied his country faces an imminent Russian invasion. 'Don't create panic,' he tells the US and UK. With Ukraine off-script, the war mongering of Biden and his UK echoes is exposed, like Blair's, as a crime.\nhttps://t.co/UNFQ5ZxaoG\u201d— John Pilger (@John Pilger) 1643460748
As Common Dreams reported Friday, U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin expressed hope that a diplomatic approach could avoid conflict with Russia, which has demanded a guarantee that Ukraine will be excluded from NATO, along with other security measures.
Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Mark Milley also spoke Friday and called on Russian President Vladimir Putin to pursue diplomacy--after Putin reportedly spoke to French President Emanuel Macron about implementing a diplomatic agreement forged in 2014.
Milley warned that there will be "horrific" consequences if Russia invades Ukraine.
"Given the type of forces that are arrayed, the ground maneuver forces, the artillery, the ballistic missiles, the air forces, all of it packaged together--if that was unleashed on Ukraine, it would be significant, very significant, and it would result in a significant amount of casualties," he told reporters.
Peace group CodePink accused the Biden administration of reaching "putting the entire world at risk" while the U.S. public and international leaders make clear their anti-war stance.
\u201cThe US has reached a deranged level of warmongering that puts the entire world at risk. Russia doesn't want war. Ukraine doesn't want war. The American people don't want war. The Biden administration needs to get with the program & STOP endangering us all.https://t.co/9q4CF9KTyK\u201d— CODEPINK (@CODEPINK) 1643424475
"Russia doesn't want war. Ukraine doesn't want war. The American people don't want war," tweeted the group. "The Biden administration needs to get with the program and STOP endangering us all."