October, 01 2008, 03:13pm EDT

Climate Change Could Raise Pennsylvania's Average Annual Temperature 12 Degrees, Threatening Environment and Economy, New Report
Severity Will Depend on Extent of Global Warming Emissions Reductions
CAMBRIDGE, Mass.
Pennsylvania today is faced with two very different possible
futures, according to a new Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) report
that provides the most in-depth look at the potential consequences of
climate change in Pennsylvania to date.
If global warming emissions are not significantly curtailed, by late
this century summer temperatures could exceed 90 degrees daily in
southern parts of the state, some tree species could decline sharply,
and farmers could suffer major losses, the report concluded.
Conversely, if global warming emissions are reduced significantly,
state residents would experience only about half as many "extreme heat"
days every summer, the tree species that produce colorful fall foliage
would not disappear from the state, and Pennsylvania farmers would be
better able to adapt.
The report, "Climate Change in Pennsylvania: Impacts and Solutions for the Keystone State,"
is a follow-up to a report released last year by UCS and 50 independent
scientists that analyzed climate change in the Northeast.
"Scientists are already seeing the effects of global warming in
Pennsylvania, including less snow, more rainfall, drier summers and
more days with extreme heat," said Melanie Fitzpatrick, UCS's Northeast
impacts science coordinator. "And if we continue to rely primarily on
coal, oil and natural gas, by late this century the annual average
temperature in Pennsylvania could rise 12 degrees above the long-term
average. But if we reduce our emissions, we may cut projected warming
by half. Temperatures are going to go up, but there is still time to
avoid the worst."
The report's findings for south central Pennsylvania include:
Climate: By mid-century, most of south central
Pennsylvania is expected to experience between 40 to 70 summer days
with temperatures higher than 90 degrees if emissions continue
unabated. By late this century, the mercury could top 90 degrees nearly
every summer day. Summer would feel more like those today in southern
Georgia. Under a lower-emissions scenario, warming would be curtailed,
and summers would be more like those today in Virginia.
Health: Pennsylvania could experience a dramatic
increase in the number of dangerous heat days under a
business-as-usual, higher-emissions scenario. By late century, for
example, Harrisburg is projected to face 26 days with temperatures
higher than 100 degrees. Under the lower-emissions path, Harrisburg
would experience approximately seven days per year of such temperatures.
Agriculture: Scientists expect the yield and
quality of key crops, including sweet corn, Concord grapes and apples,
to decline if emissions continue to grow. Cutting emissions would give
farmers more time adapt, including switching to different varieties and
other crops. Cutting emissions also would help the dairy industry.
Under the higher-emissions scenario, milk production is projected to
decline 15 to 20 percent due to heat stress on cows. Under the
lower-emissions scenario, production would drop 10 percent at most.
Forests: If emissions are not significantly curbed,
scientists expect the state to become unsuitable for the economically
valuable black cherry tree by late century, and for the maple, beech
and birch forests that produce the state's brilliant fall foliage.
Fish: As water temperatures warm, some streams and rivers may become
inhospitable for two of the state's premier sport fish: trout and
smallmouth bass.
Snow: Because of global warming emissions already
in the atmosphere, the state's traditional white winters are expected
to all but disappear by mid-century. Sometime in the next several
decades, ski resorts in eastern Pennsylvania will no longer be able to
count on being open 100 days per year, including the week between
Christmas and New Year's day, to ensure solvency.
Pennsylvania cannot reduce global warming alone, but it can -- and
should -- play a leadership role, Fitzpatrick said. "The state is
important because it exports energy to nearby states and is a
surprisingly large source of heat-trapping emissions," she said. "It's
the third-highest emitting state in the United States and emits more
than most countries."
The state already has taken several important steps to address the
problem. For example, it has recruited several renewable energy
technology companies to build manufacturing facilities in the state,
and is supporting the growth of wind-generated electricity by
purchasing large quantities of "green power."
But Pennsylvania can do significantly more, Fitzpatrick said. The
state should require coal-fired power plants in the state to replace a
percentage of the coal they burn with biomass. It also should ban
construction of new coal-fired plants unless they can capture and store
their carbon emissions. At the federal level, the state's congressional
delegation should support strong legislation to reduce emissions
nationwide and promote renewable energy sources.
The Union of Concerned Scientists is the leading science-based nonprofit working for a healthy environment and a safer world. UCS combines independent scientific research and citizen action to develop innovative, practical solutions and to secure responsible changes in government policy, corporate practices, and consumer choices.
LATEST NEWS
Senators Sound Alarm on Push to 'Undermine the Goals of Dodd-Frank'
"We urge the commission to continue to focus on its vital work preserving market integrity and protecting the public, uphold the letter and spirit of the Dodd-Frank Act, and withdraw the proposed rule."
Nov 27, 2023
A trio of Democratic U.S. senators on Monday wrote to Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chair Rostin Behnam expressing their "serious reservations" with the agency's proposed rule on seeded funds and money market funds, a policy the lawmakers warned would "undermine the goals of Dodd-Frank" by rolling back the already weakened financial oversight law.
Passed in the wake of the 2008 global financial meltdown, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act—which was partially rolled back during the Trump administration—overhauled federal financial regulation. In a letter to Behnam, Sens. John Fetterman (Pa.), Sherrod Brown (Ohio), and Tina Smith (Minn.) assert that the CFTC's proposed rule is a "step in the wrong direction" that would increase market instability by decreasing collateral requirements for certain transactions.
The Global Markets Advisory Committee, largely made up of finance industry insiders, recommended the proposed rule in 2020 during the Trump administration.
As the letter explains:
The proposed rule would reduce or eliminate initial margin requirements for up to three years for a subset of swap market participants. "Initial margin" is the collateral that participants must set aside when entering swap agreements. Initial margin requirements, along with "variation margin" and other capital requirements, protect counterparties to a swap in the event of a default. Dodd-Frank set up comprehensive rules for swap agreements after they significantly contributed to the 2008 financial crisis and the federal government was forced to bail out Wall Street.
"The 2008 financial crisis showed the dangers that swaps can pose to economic stability, and Dodd-Frank directed regulators, including the CFTC, to require initial margin for uncleared swaps specifically to reduce those risks," the senators wrote. "It is vital for the CFTC to continue upholding its Dodd-Frank mandate and to maintain high standards and safeguards for this important market."
"We urge the commission to continue to focus on its vital work preserving market integrity and protecting the public, uphold the letter and spirit of the Dodd-Frank Act, and withdraw the proposed rule," the lawmakers added.
The collapse earlier this year of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank—both of which benefited from regulatory relief thanks to the 2018 rollback—brought renewed scrutiny on Dodd-Frank's Republican-engineered shortcomings. Sen. Mike Crapo (R-Idaho), who wrote the 2018 banking deregulation law, insisted in March that "there is no need for regulatory reform" in the wake of the banks' failures.
Robert Weissman, president of the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen, responded to Crapo's assertion by writing that "you have to be hard-core committed to mindless free-market fundamentalism—or truly in thrall to your donors—to insist there's no need for new regulations after Silicon Valley Bank."
Last month, Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) also wrote a letter to Behman sharing her concerns about the proposed rule. Noting the policy's 2020 introduction, Warren said in her October 10 letter that "it is unclear why the commission is choosing to propose these rules now, three years later, without conducting its own additional analyses of whether the changes are necessary or will strengthen the stability of the domestic financial system."
"I strongly urge the commission not to loosen the existing rules and not to roll back important Dodd-Frank Act reforms," Warren added.
Keep ReadingShow Less
UN Chief Calls Antarctica 'Sleeping Giant... Being Awoken by Climate Chaos'
"It is profoundly shocking to stand on the ice of Antarctica and hear directly from scientists how fast the ice is disappearing."
Nov 27, 2023
United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres on Monday issued yet another impassioned call for ambitious climate action after a trip to Antarctica and amid preparations for the U.N. Climate Change Conference later this week.
"I have just returned from Antarctica—the sleeping giant. A giant being awoken by climate chaos. Together, Antarctica and Greenland are melting well over three times faster than they were in the early 1990s," he told reporters in New York City.
"It is profoundly shocking to stand on the ice of Antarctica and hear directly from scientists how fast the ice is disappearing," the U.N. leader said of his trip to the continent last week, pointing out that "this year, Antarctic sea ice hit an all-time low."
"Leaders must not let the hopes of people around the world for a sustainable planet melt away."
Scientists project that 2023 will be the hottest year in 125,000 years. Recent research has also shown that Antarctica is warming faster than widely cited models predicted, and even if humanity significantly cuts planet-heating pollution from fossil fuels, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet faces an "unavoidable" increase in melting this century.
Guterres stressed Monday that "what happens in Antarctica doesn't stay in Antarctica. We live in an interconnected world. Melting sea ice means rising seas. And that directly endangers lives and livelihoods in coastal communities across the globe. Floods and saltwater intrusion imperil crops and drinking water—threatening food and water security."
"The movement of waters around Antarctica distributes heat, nutrients, and carbon around the world, helping to regulate our climate and regional weather patterns," he explained. "But that system is slowing as the Southern Ocean grows warmer and less dense. Further slowdown—or entire breakdown—would spell catastrophe."
"The cause of all this destruction is clear: the fossil fuel pollution coating the Earth and heating the planet," he stressed. "Without changing course, we're heading towards a calamitous 3°C temperature rise by the end of the century."
That's according to a U.N. analysis of currently implemented policies, released last week ahead of the COP28 summit—which will be hosted in the United Arab Emirates by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company CEO Sultan Al Jaber, who has allegedly used meetings about the upcoming climate talks to push for fossil fuel deals with other governments.
"If we continue as we are, and I strongly hope we will not, the Greenland and West Antarctica ice sheets will cross a deadly tipping point. This alone would ultimately push up sea levels by around 10 meters. We are trapped in a deadly cycle," Guterres declared Monday. "At COP28, which starts later this week, leaders must break this cycle."
"Leaders must act to limit global temperature rise to 1.5°C, protect people from climate chaos, and end the fossil fuel age," the U.N. chief said, referencing a key goal of the 2015 Paris agreement. He called for tripling renewables, doubling energy efficiency, bringing clean power to all, a "clear and credible commitment" to phasing out fossil fuels, and "climate justice."
"Antarctica is crying out for action," Guterres said. "Leaders must not let the hopes of people around the world for a sustainable planet melt away. They must make COP28 count."
Keep ReadingShow Less
109 Aussie Kayaktivists Charged for Blocking World's Largest Coal Port
"World leaders attending COP28 this week should take note that the mass protest in New South Wales is not an isolated incident but part of a global pushback for change now," said one campaigner.
Nov 27, 2023
More than 100 climate defenders were charged Monday in New South Wales, Australia after using kayaks or swimming to blockade the coal port at Newcastle—the world's largest—to demand an end to fossil fuels as petrostate United Arab Emirates prepares to host the United Nations Climate Change Conference later this week.
New South Wales police said 109 people were arrested after paddling kayaks or swimming into the shipping lane servicing coal cargo at the Port of Newcastle during a 30-hour protest on Saturday and Sunday. The arrested activists were all charged with operating a vessel so as to interfere with others' use of waters.
The climate action group Rising Tide Australia, which led the action, said it would keep holding protests until federal and state governments take meaningful climate action.
"That's the choice we are giving government, either do your job and take on the industry that's causing the crisis, or people will continue to put themselves in situations like this," Rising Tide spokesperson Zack Schofield toldABC Newcastle.
Among those arrested was 97-year-old church minister Alan Stuart, who toldSBS News that he engaged in civil disobedience "for my grandchildren and for future generations because I don't want to leave them with a world full of increasingly severe, frequent national disasters because of climate change."
Anjali Beames, an activist with the School Strike for Climate movement started in Sweden by Greta Thunberg, was also arrested.
"My future is getting sold by the fossil fuel industry for profit, and I'm not going to sit idly by while that happens, it's the Australian government's failure to act," Beames told SBS News.
"We know that the climate crisis is here and now, and if there's any hope of mitigating the consequences and saving people's lives, we have to stop new fossil fuel projects, and that includes new coal," she added.
The New South Wales Council for Civil Liberties (NSWCCL) said several of the group's legal observers were arrested and charged along with the protesters. The group said its personnel "were easily identifiable by wearing pink high-visibility jackets with 'Legal Observers' written across the vest in large black letters."
NSWCCL president Lydia Shelly said that "the charges against the legal observers should be immediately withdrawn."
"It is not in the public interest for these charges to proceed," Shelly added. "If the charges are not withdrawn, it risks sending a dangerous message to the public that NSW police do not want their interactions or conduct with peaceful protestors monitored by independent organizations."
Referring to the U.N. Climate Change Conference slated to start Thursday in Dubai, Amnesty International Pacific researcher Kate Schuetze said in a statement Monday that "while it is deeply discouraging to see this kind of outcome after peaceful protests on the climate crisis days before COP28, it is also hugely inspiring to see the creativity, ingenuity, and solidarity of the protesters who took to kayaks to oppose climate inaction."
"World leaders attending COP28 this week should take note that the mass protest in New South Wales is not an isolated incident but part of a global pushback for change now," Schuetze continued. "People will not stay silent when climate upheaval threatens their futures."
New South Wales Premier Chris Minns of the center-left Labor Party dismissed the protesters' climate concerns, noting on Monday that "not only is the extraction and sale and export of minerals in NSW legal, it's our single biggest export."
"If we don't take some of the royalties from coal export, we will not meet our renewable energy targets in NSW," Minns added. "We won't even come close."
Alexa Stuart, an organizer of the protest and Alan Stuart's granddaughter, told SBS News that the Australian government's climate inaction forced climate campaigners' hands.
"We wish we did not have to do this but the Albanese government needs to understand we are serious," she said, referring to Labor Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, a supporter of Australia's nearly U.S. $40 billion coal industry.
"If Australia today said we are not going to export any more coal, [it] wouldn't lead to a reduction in global emissions," Albanese said last year, rejecting Australian Greens' calls for a fossil fuel export moratorium. "What you would see is a replacement with coal from other countries that's likely to produce higher emissions… because of the quality of the product."
Still, Australian Climate Change Minister Chris Bowen claims the government's COP28 delegation will bring to Dubai evidence proving the country is on track to meet its target of a 43% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030.
Kelly O'Shanassy, chief executive of the Australian Conservation Foundation, toldThe Guardian on Saturday that "the Albanese government is taking genuine steps to reduce carbon emissions at home, while enabling the increased and indefinite export of coal and gas to other countries."
"It doesn't matter where the coal and gas is burnt," O'Shanassy added. "Australian fossil fuels are supercharging climate damage, fueling heatwaves, bushfires, and coral bleaching."
Keep ReadingShow Less
Most Popular