#sayhername
(Photo: Light Brigading/flickr/cc)
Black Women and Black Lives Matter: Fighting Police Misconduct in Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Cases
Aug 09, 2015
In the year since Ferguson, we have been reminded that police misconduct and brutality don't discriminate, at least not based on gender. We know that Black women like Sandra Bland and others before her aren't spared from police violence. Several commentators, including Charles Blow, Lisalyn Jacobs, and Roxane Gay, have authored profound pieces about Black women's experiences and the cloak of invisibility that too often surrounds them, mainly when the discussion turns to violence, police misconduct, and holding law enforcement accountable.
Fortunately, that is changing. #SayHerName has elevated and honored Black women's experiences, and the dynamic #BlackLivesMatter social justice movement has broadened the conversation to highlight the many ways in which all Black people are affected by violence, police misconduct, and injustice.
But the lens must expand even further. When we speak of the reality of Black women's lives and efforts to reform the criminal justice system, we must continue to also speak about gender bias in policing and how it results in improper, and often illegal, police responses to domestic violence and sexual assault cases.
The reality is domestic violence-related calls constitute the single largest category of calls received by the police. Over one million women are sexually assaulted each year, and more than a third of women are subjected to rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime. And have no doubt: Black women and other women of color are disproportionately impacted.
Here are just a handful of stories about police misconduct in domestic violence and sexual assault cases that acknowledge the experiences of women at the intersection of racial and gender-biased policing:
- In Detroit, researchers documented how stereotyping of sexual assault victims - a significant percentage of whom were African-American - led to poor criminal investigations and failure by police to submit thousands of sexual assault kits for testing.
- In Oklahoma, 13 women reported that a police officer sexually molested them while he was on duty; that officer now faces 36 charges, including felony rape, forcible oral sodomy, and sexual battery.
- In Puerto Rico, the police department systematically underreported rape crimes. It rarely took action when their officers committed domestic violence, allowing 84 officers who had been arrested two or more times for domestic violence to remain active.
- In Norristown, PA, Lakisha Briggs, an African-American woman, faced eviction because police concluded that acts of domestic violence perpetrated against her - including a stabbing that required her to be taken by helicopter to a trauma center - should be considered nuisances under a local ordinance.
There are countless stories like these and even more that are untold or forgotten. These types of discriminatory police practices - abuses committed by officers, refusal to enforce established laws, misclassification or dismissal of domestic violence or sexual assault complaints - are deeply harmful and violate victims' civil rights. They jeopardize women's lives and safety, undermine efforts to end domestic violence and sexual assault, reduce confidence in the criminal justice system, and further the perpetuation of violence by discouraging victims from coming forward and allowing abusers to continue to commit crimes with impunity.
In spite of these troubling patterns, systemic discrimination by law enforcement is receiving attention due to the critical dialogue sparked by the Black Lives Matter movement. Indeed, The U.S. Department of Justice has highlighted and investigated gender-biased policing. And just last month, the ACLU took the lead in drafting a letter signed by 88 national organizations and 98 state and local groups asking the DOJ to issue guidance to law enforcement agencies about how to ensure that their policies and practices are free of gender bias. These harmful and violative practices will not disappear on their own. We hope the DOJ will act soon.
Until then, we will keep fighting.
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© 2023 ACLU
Sandra Park
Sandra Park (@sandrapark) is a senior attorney with the ACLU Women's Rights Project. Sandra's work focuses on advancing gender equality and challenging discrimination experienced by survivors of gender-based violence, and she was also counsel on the ACLU's successful 2013 U.S. Supreme Court challenge to human gene patents. She previously worked at the Legal Aid Society, Bronx Neighborhood Office as a Skadden Fellow and clerked for U.S. District Court Judge Alvin K. Hellerstein in the Southern District of New York. She is a magna cum laude graduate of New York University School of Law and Harvard University.
Vania Leveille
Vania Leveille is a senior legislative counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union Washington Legislative Office, serving as its advocate for women's rights, reproductive rights and health. Through her advocacy on Capitol Hill and with federal agencies, Leveille works to expand and protect women's choices and opportunities. Most recently, she led the ACLU's work on the Shaheen Amendment, which successfully repealed a decades-long ban on certain reproductive health care coverage for servicewomen and military dependents.
aclublack lives mattercenters for disease control (cdc)civil rightscriminal justice systemdomestic violencepolice violenceracial biassandra blandsexual assaultus department of justicewomenracial justice
In the year since Ferguson, we have been reminded that police misconduct and brutality don't discriminate, at least not based on gender. We know that Black women like Sandra Bland and others before her aren't spared from police violence. Several commentators, including Charles Blow, Lisalyn Jacobs, and Roxane Gay, have authored profound pieces about Black women's experiences and the cloak of invisibility that too often surrounds them, mainly when the discussion turns to violence, police misconduct, and holding law enforcement accountable.
Fortunately, that is changing. #SayHerName has elevated and honored Black women's experiences, and the dynamic #BlackLivesMatter social justice movement has broadened the conversation to highlight the many ways in which all Black people are affected by violence, police misconduct, and injustice.
But the lens must expand even further. When we speak of the reality of Black women's lives and efforts to reform the criminal justice system, we must continue to also speak about gender bias in policing and how it results in improper, and often illegal, police responses to domestic violence and sexual assault cases.
The reality is domestic violence-related calls constitute the single largest category of calls received by the police. Over one million women are sexually assaulted each year, and more than a third of women are subjected to rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime. And have no doubt: Black women and other women of color are disproportionately impacted.
Here are just a handful of stories about police misconduct in domestic violence and sexual assault cases that acknowledge the experiences of women at the intersection of racial and gender-biased policing:
- In Detroit, researchers documented how stereotyping of sexual assault victims - a significant percentage of whom were African-American - led to poor criminal investigations and failure by police to submit thousands of sexual assault kits for testing.
- In Oklahoma, 13 women reported that a police officer sexually molested them while he was on duty; that officer now faces 36 charges, including felony rape, forcible oral sodomy, and sexual battery.
- In Puerto Rico, the police department systematically underreported rape crimes. It rarely took action when their officers committed domestic violence, allowing 84 officers who had been arrested two or more times for domestic violence to remain active.
- In Norristown, PA, Lakisha Briggs, an African-American woman, faced eviction because police concluded that acts of domestic violence perpetrated against her - including a stabbing that required her to be taken by helicopter to a trauma center - should be considered nuisances under a local ordinance.
There are countless stories like these and even more that are untold or forgotten. These types of discriminatory police practices - abuses committed by officers, refusal to enforce established laws, misclassification or dismissal of domestic violence or sexual assault complaints - are deeply harmful and violate victims' civil rights. They jeopardize women's lives and safety, undermine efforts to end domestic violence and sexual assault, reduce confidence in the criminal justice system, and further the perpetuation of violence by discouraging victims from coming forward and allowing abusers to continue to commit crimes with impunity.
In spite of these troubling patterns, systemic discrimination by law enforcement is receiving attention due to the critical dialogue sparked by the Black Lives Matter movement. Indeed, The U.S. Department of Justice has highlighted and investigated gender-biased policing. And just last month, the ACLU took the lead in drafting a letter signed by 88 national organizations and 98 state and local groups asking the DOJ to issue guidance to law enforcement agencies about how to ensure that their policies and practices are free of gender bias. These harmful and violative practices will not disappear on their own. We hope the DOJ will act soon.
Until then, we will keep fighting.
Sandra Park
Sandra Park (@sandrapark) is a senior attorney with the ACLU Women's Rights Project. Sandra's work focuses on advancing gender equality and challenging discrimination experienced by survivors of gender-based violence, and she was also counsel on the ACLU's successful 2013 U.S. Supreme Court challenge to human gene patents. She previously worked at the Legal Aid Society, Bronx Neighborhood Office as a Skadden Fellow and clerked for U.S. District Court Judge Alvin K. Hellerstein in the Southern District of New York. She is a magna cum laude graduate of New York University School of Law and Harvard University.
Vania Leveille
Vania Leveille is a senior legislative counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union Washington Legislative Office, serving as its advocate for women's rights, reproductive rights and health. Through her advocacy on Capitol Hill and with federal agencies, Leveille works to expand and protect women's choices and opportunities. Most recently, she led the ACLU's work on the Shaheen Amendment, which successfully repealed a decades-long ban on certain reproductive health care coverage for servicewomen and military dependents.
In the year since Ferguson, we have been reminded that police misconduct and brutality don't discriminate, at least not based on gender. We know that Black women like Sandra Bland and others before her aren't spared from police violence. Several commentators, including Charles Blow, Lisalyn Jacobs, and Roxane Gay, have authored profound pieces about Black women's experiences and the cloak of invisibility that too often surrounds them, mainly when the discussion turns to violence, police misconduct, and holding law enforcement accountable.
Fortunately, that is changing. #SayHerName has elevated and honored Black women's experiences, and the dynamic #BlackLivesMatter social justice movement has broadened the conversation to highlight the many ways in which all Black people are affected by violence, police misconduct, and injustice.
But the lens must expand even further. When we speak of the reality of Black women's lives and efforts to reform the criminal justice system, we must continue to also speak about gender bias in policing and how it results in improper, and often illegal, police responses to domestic violence and sexual assault cases.
The reality is domestic violence-related calls constitute the single largest category of calls received by the police. Over one million women are sexually assaulted each year, and more than a third of women are subjected to rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime. And have no doubt: Black women and other women of color are disproportionately impacted.
Here are just a handful of stories about police misconduct in domestic violence and sexual assault cases that acknowledge the experiences of women at the intersection of racial and gender-biased policing:
- In Detroit, researchers documented how stereotyping of sexual assault victims - a significant percentage of whom were African-American - led to poor criminal investigations and failure by police to submit thousands of sexual assault kits for testing.
- In Oklahoma, 13 women reported that a police officer sexually molested them while he was on duty; that officer now faces 36 charges, including felony rape, forcible oral sodomy, and sexual battery.
- In Puerto Rico, the police department systematically underreported rape crimes. It rarely took action when their officers committed domestic violence, allowing 84 officers who had been arrested two or more times for domestic violence to remain active.
- In Norristown, PA, Lakisha Briggs, an African-American woman, faced eviction because police concluded that acts of domestic violence perpetrated against her - including a stabbing that required her to be taken by helicopter to a trauma center - should be considered nuisances under a local ordinance.
There are countless stories like these and even more that are untold or forgotten. These types of discriminatory police practices - abuses committed by officers, refusal to enforce established laws, misclassification or dismissal of domestic violence or sexual assault complaints - are deeply harmful and violate victims' civil rights. They jeopardize women's lives and safety, undermine efforts to end domestic violence and sexual assault, reduce confidence in the criminal justice system, and further the perpetuation of violence by discouraging victims from coming forward and allowing abusers to continue to commit crimes with impunity.
In spite of these troubling patterns, systemic discrimination by law enforcement is receiving attention due to the critical dialogue sparked by the Black Lives Matter movement. Indeed, The U.S. Department of Justice has highlighted and investigated gender-biased policing. And just last month, the ACLU took the lead in drafting a letter signed by 88 national organizations and 98 state and local groups asking the DOJ to issue guidance to law enforcement agencies about how to ensure that their policies and practices are free of gender bias. These harmful and violative practices will not disappear on their own. We hope the DOJ will act soon.
Until then, we will keep fighting.
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