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Mike Meno, Center for Climate Integrity, 919-307-6637 or mike@climateintegrity.org
Lawsuits filed by a group of California cities and counties to hold major fossil fuel companies accountable for damages caused by climate change can proceed in state court, a federal appeals court ruled today.
In two separate rulings, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals denied requests from Big Oil defendants -- including Chevron, Exxon, BP, ConocoPhillips, and Shell -- to have cases filed by San Mateo County and other municipalities moved from state to federal court. The three-judge panel also ruled that lawsuits brought by San Francisco and Oakland, which were previously dismissed by a federal district court, should be sent back to the lower court for reconsideration.
The cases were originally filed in state court, where many similar cases against the tobacco and opioid industries were heard and decided.
Earlier this year, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that a similar lawsuit brought by the City of Baltimore should proceed in state court.
Richard Wiles, executive director of the Center for Climate Integrity, released the following statement:
"This ruling is a tremendous victory in the fight to hold Big Oil accountable for lying about climate change and leaving communities to pay for the damage.
"The last thing Big Oil wants is a trial where the truth about their decades of lying about climate change would be laid bare. These decisions get these communities one step closer to that day."
Background:
In separate lawsuits, the California municipalities argue that major fossil fuel companies -- including Chevron, Exxon, BP, ConocoPhillips, and Shell -- are responsible for exposing their communities to an onslaught of threats from climate change, including sea-level rise, flooding, wildfires, heatwaves, and extreme weather events caused by fossil fuel products and a decades-long denial and disinformation campaign to deceive the public about the harms associated with their products. The municipalities argue that these companies should pay their fair share of the enormous costs associated with planning for and adapting to climate-related risks, including threats to infrastructure, homes, and businesses.
A Center for Climate Integrity study estimated that California will need to spend $22 billion on seawalls to defend against unavoidable sea level rise by 2040. The estimated costs for each community in these cases are:
Read the Center for Climate Integrity's friend-of-the-court briefs in the cases here and here.
Just 8% of Americans want Trump to go further in using the military abroad. But they seem to be who he's listening to.
Just hours before a report on Wednesday that an attack on Iran by US President Donald Trump may be "imminent," a poll showed that a majority of Americans already believe the president has overstepped in using the US military to intervene in other countries.
Over the past two weeks, Trump has carried out an operation to overthrow Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro in order to "run" the country and hand its oil reserves to American companies, has said he may use the military to conquer Greenland and annex it for the US, and has made repeated threats to strike Iran as it cracks down ruthlessly on anti-government protests.
The survey of American adults by the Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that 56% believe Trump has "gone too far" in using the military to intervene in other countries, while just 35% felt his approach has "been about right."
In Venezuela specifically, 57% said they disapproved of Trump's handling of the situation, while 61% said they disapproved of his foreign policy in general.
Just 8% of those surveyed said they wanted to see Trump go further with military interventions. But they appear to be who Trump is listening to.
An anonymous US official told Reuters on Wednesday that the United States has begun to pull personnel from military bases in the Middle East as a precaution after the Islamic Republic said it would retaliate in the event of a US strike. Britain has reportedly begun to do the same with military bases in Qatar in anticipation of a US strike.
"All the signals are that a US attack is imminent, but that is also how this administration behaves to keep everyone on their toes," another Western military official told the outlet. "Unpredictability is part of the strategy."
Trump's threats to strike Iran come as the nation clamps down on the largest wave of unrest it has seen since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, following the collapse of the nation's currency and skyrocketing cost of living in part due to US sanctions.
According to the US-based Human Rights Activists News Agency, security forces had killed at least 2,586 demonstrators as of Wednesday, while more than 18,000 have been detained.
However, many Iranians taking part in the protests, as well as their supporters abroad, have warned that the US, which has long undermined democracy in the country, will seek to exploit their struggle against the theocratic regime.
"We didn't manage to change the American position."
The foreign ministers of Denmark and Greenland on Wednesday indicated that they had not dissuaded President Donald Trump and his administration from trying to illegally seize their territory.
Shortly after a meeting at the White House with Vice President JD Vance and Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Danish Foreign Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen and Greenlander Foreign Minister Vivian Motzfeldt indicated that little had changed after the two parties spoke for less than two hours about the self-governing Danish territory.
"We didn't manage to change the American position," Rasmussen told reporters. "It's clear that the president has this wish of conquering over Greenland."
He then said that Denmark wants to "work with our American friends and allies," but warned that "it must be respectful cooperation."
Danish Foreign Minister Rasmussen:
“We didn't manage to change the administration position. It's clear that the president has this wish of conquering over Greenland."
pic.twitter.com/omrHSwzNkR
— Republicans against Trump (@RpsAgainstTrump) January 14, 2026
Motzfeldt, meanwhile, said that she and her Danish counterpart used the meeting with Vance and Rubio to show "where our limits are," while also expressing a "hope for mutual understanding" between the two parties in any future talks.
Q: What did Trump's team say when you told them that you can't just take over a nation? Did they appreciate that perspective?
GREENLAND FOREIGN MINISTER: I don't want to say what we discussed in the closed meeting room, but I'd like to have hope for more mutual understanding pic.twitter.com/thNP5LK5bH
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) January 14, 2026
While taking questions from reporters in the Oval Office on Wednesday, Trump was asked directly if he would respect the limits set out by Greenland, and he indicated that he would not.
"Well, we're gonna see what happens with Greenland," the president said. "We need Greenland for national security... If we don't go in, Russia is gonna go in and China is gonna go in. And there's not a thing that Denmark can do about it. But we can do everything about it. We're going to see what happens, but we need it."
Q: Are Greenland's limits going to be respected?
TRUMP: Well, we're gonna see what happens with Greenland. We need Greenland for national security. If we don't go in Russia is gonna go in and China is gonna go in. And there's not a thing that Denmark can do about it. But we can… pic.twitter.com/cH7yQypMYj
— Aaron Rupar (@atrupar) January 14, 2026
In fact, since Greenland is part of the North Atlantic Treaty Alliance (NATO), the US would be obligated to defend it in the event that Russia or China launched an invasion.
As Trump has refused to back down from his threats to invade the territory of a longtime US ally, other European countries have started announcing troop deployments to Greenland to act as a potential deterrent.
In a social media post, Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson revealed that "several officers from the Swedish Armed Forces are arriving in Greenland today" at Denmark's request to take part in an exercise dubbed Operation Arctic Endurance.
According to Le Monde, both France and Germany, two of the largest military powers in Europe, have also agreed to send troops to Greenland at Denmark's request. Canada and the Netherlands also pledged to send forces to help carry out the training exercise, Newsweek reported.
"Needs in Gaza exceed far beyond the aid and reconstruction materials Israel is allowing in and the situation will worsen if Israel’s collective punishment and illegal blockade continues," said one water utility official.
Along with continuing its killing of Palestinians in Gaza and its destruction of civilian infrastructure more than three months after a "ceasefire" deal was reached, the Israeli government is violating the agreement by continuing to block humanitarian aid from entering the exclave—making it impossible for aid groups to ensure people there have adequate water as extreme weather makes the problem even worse.
As 100 days since the ceasefire agreement were marked Wednesday, international aid group Oxfam described the work it's been doing to try to restore water wells and other crucial infrastructure, but warned that Israel's decision to block 37 humanitarian organizations—including two Oxfam chapters—has made it difficult to provide Palestinians with a sustainable water supply.
As aid flows have continued to be restricted by Israel, Oxfam workers have been working "around the clock with experts from local partner organizations, to restore vital water wells—even sifting through rubble to salvage and repurpose damaged materials, including sheet metal," the group said.
They've managed to restore wells in Gaza City and Khan Younis and are now providing at least 156,000 residents with water, but parts of Gaza "remain inaccessible and construction costs have also doubled, due to the lack of materials being allowed in," said Oxfam.
“We did not just re-open these wells," said Wassem Mushtaha, Gaza response lead for Oxfam. "We have been solving a moving puzzle under the siege and restrictions to make the wells operational—salvaging parts, repurposing equipment, and paying inflated prices to get critical components, all while trying to keep our teams safe."
Mushtaha emphasized that Oxfam has over $2 million worth of "aid and water and sanitation equipment ready to enter Gaza," but Israeli authorities have repeatedly refused to allow the materials to enter since March 2025.
Oxfam has managed to reach more than 1.3 million people in Gaza with assistance since October 2023, when Israel began bombarding the exclave and blocking humanitarian relief in retaliation for a Hamas-led attack, but 1.1 million people are still in "urgent need of assistance in the harsh winter conditions," which have included freezing temperatures and intense polar winds in recent days.
That storm killed at least seven children, and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) spokesperson James Elder emphasized Wednesday that they died because the "man-made shortage" of food and medicine had left them defenseless against the conditions.
“We are talking about layers upon layers of rejection [of aid],” Elder told Al Jazeera.
A recent survey by Oxfam found that despite the ceasefire agreement, 87% of people in Khan Younis and Gaza City still had no access to basic essentials and 89% were depending on unsustainable water trucking "to get just the bare minimum level of water needed to survive."
A Palestinian refugee named Nahla told the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East that "water decides everything. How much we drink, how we cook, how we clean our children."
More than 80% of water networks, pumping stations, main lines, tanks, and wells have been destroyed, and of Gaza's three water desalination plants, just one is operational.
Damage to sewer systems has caused overflow which is compounded by flooding, raising the risk of the spread of diseases. Eighty-four percent of households reported members of their families had suffered from outbreaks of disease in recent weeks.
"Yet basic equipment like water pumps, sandbags, and construction materials such as timber and plywood needed to reinforce shelters and drainage are delayed or rejected under 'dual-use' restrictions and bureaucratic clearance processes," Oxfam said, with Israeli authorities claiming the materials can't enter Gaza because they could feasibly be used as weapons.
Monther Shoblaq, director general of the Coastal Municipalities Water Utility, one of Oxfam's partners, commended the group's staff for "going to such lengths to bring water access to those who need it so desperately," and noted that "the equipment needed is just across the border, blocked from entry."
"Agencies are having to resort to salvaging materials from the rubble of bombed water infrastructure and the remains of people’s homes, repurposing parts, and paying inflated prices," said Shoblaq. "This is the direct result of Israeli restrictions, last-resort measures forced by siege conditions."
"Needs in Gaza exceed far beyond the aid and reconstruction materials Israel is allowing in and the situation will worsen if Israel’s collective punishment and illegal blockade continues," Shoblaq added. "Water deprivation is just one of the many human rights violations Israel has undertaken with impunity. Oxfam and other organizations who have operated in Gaza for decades must be allowed to respond at the scale."
More than 440 Palestinians have been killed in Israeli strikes since the so-called "ceasefire" began, and more than 2,500 residential buildings have been destroyed.