Marlon Brando's death at the age of 80 will begin a battle over how
the "greatest actor of all time" will be remembered. Some will
focus on his latter day isolation, his bizarre behavior, and the many
personal tragedies that befell his family.
Others will focus exclusively on his iconic status, and when it
comes to Brando performances, icons abound. There was the
1950s motorcycle rebel from "The Wild One" (1954), or the brutal
Stanley Kowalski in "A Streetcar Named Desire" (1951) or Terry "I
Coulda Been a Contender" Malloy in "On the Waterfront" (1954). or
his performance as Vito Corleone in "The Godfather."
Then there is Brando's influence on acting itself. In a Hollywood
built around "movie stars" Brando was at the vanguard of a new
generation of performers in the aftermath of World War II schooled
in Stanislavsky's "Method" acting style. Taught by Stella Adler and
Lee Strasberg at the Actor's Studio in New York, The Method was a
rejection of the Spencer Tracy approach to drama of "Just
memorize your lines and don't bump into the furniture." Emotional
honesty and "becoming" your character were the hallmarks of this
style It was an attempt to use art to break out of what was seen as
a stultifying and frustration gray haze of early 1950s America.
Robert DeNiro, Al Pacino, Laurence Fishburne, Sean Penn, and
countless others count Brando as their primary influence.
But the Brando I want to remember, especially now, is the actor
who pulled back in the 1960s to focus on supporting the Civil
Rights Movement and the broader struggles against war and
oppression. In 1959, he was a founding member of the Hollywood
chapter of SANE, an anti-nuclear arms group formed alongside
African-American performers Harry Belafonte and Ossie Davis.
In 1963, Brando marched arm in arm with James Baldwin at the
March on Washington. He, along with Paul Newman, went down
South with the freedom riders to desegregate inter-State bus lines.
In defiance of state law, Native Americans protested the denial of
treaty rights by fishing the Puyallup River on March 2, 1964.
Inspired by the civil rights movement sit-ins, Brando, Episcopal
clergyman John Yaryan from San Francisco, and Puyallup tribal
leader Bob Satiacum caught salmon in the Puyallup without state
permits. The action was called a fish-in and resulted in Brando's
arrest. When Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was assassinated in 1968,
Brando announced that he was bowing out of the lead role of a
major film and would now devote himself to the civil rights
movement. Brando said "If the vacuum formed by Dr. King's death
isn't filled with concern and understanding and a measure of love,
then I think we all are really going to be lost.." He gave money
and spoke out in defense of the Black Panthers and counted
Bobby Seale as a close friend and attended the memorial for slain
prison leader George Jackson. Southern theater chains boycotted
his films, and Hollywood created what became known as the
'Brando Black List' that shut him out of many big time roles.
After making a comeback in Godfather, Brando won his second
Oscar. Instead of accepting what he called "a door prize," he sent
up Native American activist Sacheen Littlefeather to refuse
befuddled presenter Roger Moore and issue a scathing speech
about the Federal Government's treatment of Native Americans.
Even in the past several years, he has lent his name and bank
account to those fighting the US war and occupation in Iraq.
So how do we remember Brando? He was a celebrity, an artist, an
activist, and at the end an isolated and destroyed old man.
It is tragic that we live in a world where most people's talents never
get to see the light of day. It is equally tragic that those like Brando
who actually get the opportunity to spread their creative wings, can
be consumed and yanked apart in process. Yet whether Brando
was on the top of Hollywood or alone and embittered, he never
forgot what side he was on.
Dave Zirin is the Editor of the Prince George's Post in Prince
George's County Maryland. He can be reached at
editor@pgpost.com. His sports writing can be read at
http://www.edgeofsports.com.
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