Recently, Americans have been focused on corporate crimes that cheated
stockholders and taxpayers out of money to benefit executives and politicians.
This week we must focus on a crime that cost thousands their lives, as
executives and politicians try to cut a deal to escape what little
accountability remains.
To persuade us of its importance, Rashida Bi -- one victim of that corporate
crime -- is risking her life on hunger strike (for constant updates on the hunger
strike, as well as details about the strikers' demands, see http://www.bhopal.net/hunger-index.html).
The story began goes back to the 1984 Union Carbide accident in Bhopal,
India, which released a cloud of methyl isocyanate (MIC), hydrogen cyanide,
and other toxins. Somewhere between 4000 and 8000 people died at the time,
and victims' advocates estimate that in total over 20,000 have died as a
result of this largest industrial accident ever, with 150,000 suffering
continuing injuries and medical problems.
The cause was extreme corporate malfeasance. The plant was not up to
minimal Union Carbide safety standards -- large quantities of MIC were
unwisely stored in a heavily populated area, the refrigeration unit for the
MIC (which is supposed to kept at temperatures below 32 F) was deliberately
kept turned off to save $40 per day in Freon costs, the safety systems were
dismantled, and the alarm system was turned off. This even though the same
plant had earlier suffered potentially lethal accidental releases of gases
like the deadly nerve agent phosgene. Both civil and criminal charges were
filed, including a charge of culpable homicide against Warren Anderson,
then Carbide's CEO.
The civil case was settled, after extreme obstructionism on the part of
Carbide, for a paltry $470 million -- a few hundred dollars each for
victims still suffering a nightmarish array of cancer, tuberculosis, severe
birth defects, reproductive and menstrual abnormalities, eye problems, and
more. The settlement, reached without consulting the victims, was so
favorable that when it transpired Carbide's stock jumped two points.
Carbide's callousness is so extreme that it has disclosed neither the exact
chemical composition of the gas cloud, calling it a "trade secret," nor the
results of its own medical studies on the effects of MIC. As a result, the
few doctors available to help the victims have great difficult working out
the best methods of treatment.
The U.S. government has consistently refused to honor its own extradition
treaty with India, which requires it to send Anderson to be tried in India
for his reckless indifference to human life.
Dow Chemical, which acquired Union Carbide in 2001, refuses to admit any liability
for Carbide's actions. Dow also plans to mass-market Dursban, a product banned
by the EPA in 2000 because it can cause severe neurological damage (especially
to children), to Indians as a household insecticide (see http://www.bandursban.org).
This happy state of affairs, however, is not enough for Dow. It has also
pressured the Vajpayee government in India to reduce the charges on
Anderson and others from "culpable homicide" to "hurt by negligence," a
non-extraditable offense -- and also to use part of the pathetically low
compensation to victims for cleanup of the area, shifting liability from
the polluter to the victims of the pollution. The final decision on some
charges will be made on July 17.
Rashida, another victim named Tara Bai, and activist Satinath Sarangi of
the Bhopal Group for Action and Information are ready to fast to the death
to prevent these moves. Although the fast is just into its third week,
because of the extreme heat in Delhi and the crippling effects of gas
injuries, Rashida and Tara are failing fast.
The fast is also intended to draw world attention to the continuing exigent
circumstances of Carbide's victims. For years, none of the victims had access
to any sustained affordable medical care. More recently, the Sambhavna trust (http://www.bhopal.org),
a nonprofit NGO, provides some care to about 10,000, barely 6% of the total number
of surviving victims. At least 5000 families must still regularly drink water
contaminated by mercury and roughly a dozen volatile organic compounds as a result
of the accident.
It is easy to focus on the shameful complicity of the Indian government, which
has consistently shown more interest in courting foreign investors than in the
health of its citizens -- and activists are calling for Americans to complain
to the Indian ambassador (see http://www.corpwatchindia.org/action/PAA.jsp?articleid=1843).
It's also clear that Dow must be held accountable.
But let's not forget the actions of our own government, which consistently
goes to bat for U.S. corporations, no matter how disgusting their actions. Enron
was a major beneficiary, with both Clinton and Bush officials on numerous occasions
pressuring India, Mozambique, Argentina, and countless other countries into signing
sweetheart deals that benefited Enron stockholders and not their own people (see
http://www.nowarcollective.com/enron.htm).
Enron was hardly unusual, however; U.S. corporations count on this kind of
coercion in their international dealings. Although this latest initiative
is still new, and there is as yet no direct evidence in the news that U.S.
government officials are running interference for Dow, whatever we find out
later -- presumably after the hunger strikers are dead -- will hardly come
as a surprise, with the most pro-corporate administration in U.S. history
currently in power.
Recent scandals make it very clear that we are governed by politicians who
are little more than corporate shills, enriching themselves as they defraud
the public. This is no mere matter of individuals, but a cancer at the
heart of our political system. Rashida and her associates remind us that
these scandals are not just about ill-gotten gains for a few folks like
George W. Bush. They have a body count.
Rahul Mahajan is the Green Party (http://www.txgreens.org)
candidate for Governor of Texas. He is a member of the Nowar Collective (http://www.nowarcollective.com)
and serves on the National Board of Peace Action. He is the author of "The New
Crusade: America's War on Terrorism," (http://www.monthlyreview.org/newcrusade.htm).
His other work can be seen at http://www.rahulmahajan.com
He can be reached at rahul@tao.ca
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