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Cheap Frames of Expensive War
Before I know it I’m sucked into the New York Times story and I haven’t had my Prozac or anything.
Through the miracle of language, here we are, walking with U.S. troops on patrol through the streets of Mosul, and by the time the story’s point has been thoroughly explicated, two kindergarten-age Iraqi boys, bait on the hook of evil, are blown to Kingdom Come by an IED that had been planted in the car in which they sat helplessly.
Even (or especially) if the story is true, I whistle in amazement at the triviality of the use to which it was put in this page-one article, “In Battle, Hunches Prove to Be Valuable”: to illustrate the idea that intuition or a funny feeling that something’s amiss can save the lives of soldiers fighting wars of occupation, or whatever. The story’s focus was as narrow as a videogame, as though aimed, so to speak, primarily at the nation’s couch potato warriors, who support our troops by reveling in virtual danger.
What happened, according to the article, is that the Americans were making the rounds one morning in 2004 when they spotted a car in which the two boys sat suffocating. It was 120 degrees outside. A soldier asked for permission to give them some water, but the commanding officer, inexplicably sensing danger, cried “Fall back!” an instant before the car exploded. No Americans were killed in the incident, but the boys “almost certainly” died, the article notes. (Did no one check?)
This story chills me to the core. Everything about it makes me cry, “Fall back!” Before we move on to further matters, we must, as readers, allow our hearts to rend for the murdered boys and stand in bewilderment at how such a thing could have happened: children as bomb bait, used to lure honest American soldiers to their doom? Well, anything is possible, but at the very least we must face the full horror of the phenomenon, which means refusing to regard it as an illustrative detail but the shocking consequence of a war that we, in fact, started.
The fact that the article asks nothing of the sort from us, or in any way evinces awareness of any context at all in which these deaths occurred — except, of course, the simplistic context of good vs. evil — becomes the second reason why we as readers must fall back, step away from this story and look at it with deep suspicion. And in so doing, we scan the whole terrain of American journalism and are able to see, and mourn, the paradoxical allegiances that are contributing to its collapse.
Every news story, whatever the medium that purveys it — newspaper, television, radio, Internet — has a frame: a verbal context that gives meaning to the raw data being presented. This frame can be painstakingly constructed of multiple and competing viewpoints to provide the audience with a fresh, hard-won understanding of a given event. But more often, the frames are shoddily constructed and prefab: simplistic narratives that coerce the participants in a given story into preassigned roles, regardless of the complexity of what actually happened.
Take, for instance, the “riot-suppression narrative,” as discussed in a study, by the North American Congress on Latin America, of the coverage by Los Angeles television stations of a large immigrant rights rally in 2007. At one point, as marchers gathered in a park, Los Angeles police forcibly broke up the event, moving in on the participants with their batons. A total of 246 people were injured.
While the LAPD, in its own internal report, conceded that it had made many mistakes — the attack was unprovoked, and no orders to disperse had been given — the TV coverage portrayed the event as a riot forcibly but heroically contained by the police, distorting evidence and converting uncorroborated hearsay into fact in order to do so.
“Like all journalistic narrative frames, the riot-suppression narrative features a set of stock characters — villains, victims, and heroes,” wrote Otto Santa Ana, who headed the research team monitoring the coverage. The marchers, no matter that they included moms and dads and children in strollers, were the bad guys, the unruly mob.
To my mind, reporting like this represents the worst of American journalism: feeding the target audience what it expects to hear and not only hardening the divisions among people but perpetuating the idea that there’s always an enemy. This keeps fear and the inevitability of nasty confrontation at the forefront of American consciousness and makes intelligent social policy impossible.
And the “riot-suppression narrative,” of course, is merely a variation of the America at War narrative, with the same stock characters. The high-profile New York Times story has the same cheap frame, the same factual innocence: The enemy uses children as bomb bait while we offer them water.
Forget the children we’ve killed in staggering numbers with our bombs and in so many other ways. Indeed, forget everything. Just read the story. Better yet, turn on the TV.
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6 Comments so far
Show AllI have always truly enjoyed reading these articles from a wide range of points of views on any given subject. However, I can’t seem to fend off that feeling of hypocrisy when these writers, journalist and authors peddling their new books use the U.S as a target for everything that is wrong in the world from their luxury homes and condos. While I am not defending the U.S Military bases I must say that as a former flight mechanic for a private airline cargo company I seen the benefits that these military installations provide to the locals vs. the countries that we delivered private goods to with no military installations. Usually the elites of those countries with military installations become angry when they themselves are not profiting and gather support using their influence on the locals to force these bases to give them a contract. As for the immigrant protest in LA and the US, we must first look at this situation as a nation and our collective attitudes towards immigrants combined with our personal experiences with immigrant groups. I for one am conflicted with this issue when the immigrant protest were occurring in New York I personally observed a gathering in the Bronx where the protest seemed more like central American parade equipped with flags and food venders unlike the gay parades of the earlier years that seemed organized and for a common cause. If we are to toughen the immigration laws we must make sure that they are responsibly enforced and not made as a blanket to rid ourselves of all immigrants. I personally know numerous immigrants who are hard working responsible citizens that contribute to our communities culturally and economically and then there are parts of Queens where women are sexually harassed, touched and cursed at provoking a reaction from local police officers then that same disrespect is aimed at the police officers themselves causing them to react usually emotionally rather then logically, this is not a justification for the treatment that the immigrant groups received in LA just a different perspective.
Ah the lovely paved road
To the only hotel
Is the only paved road
in Tunitas.
If you walk by the road
To the only hotel
You may sell your child there
To turistas.
If you take out a loan, you can get something for the tourists. If you have something for the tourists, you may serve them.
Of course, American bases are nastier tourists than most. The whole rape and mayhem thing becomes annoying. And support for violent fascist thugs in return for their breaking strikes, well.
God forbid anyone should sell tamales at a protest. Next thing you know, they'll be singing rancheras.
For books, though not completely new, check the Chalmers Johnson BLOWBACK trilogy.
This is a great article; I only wish I could articulate these truths as well as Koehler.
In a similar vein, we see the same framing conducted all the time by every modern US Administration. Take for example the recent overthrow of the democratically-elected Honduran President by military thugs that are graduates of the School of the Americas. Obama framed his response to the coup by "inviting both parties to the table", thereby legitimizing the criminals, rather than levying sanctions and putting the USAFB in the Honduras on full alert.
I detest politics. We need leaders, not professional politicians.
Sioux Rose
WTF: So true! Well-said.
Now is the time to ask Mr. Gorbachev if he would take a contract to straighten out the mess in Washington.
Until the parasites who take bribes from the lobbyists are driven out we will have no leadership that serves the People.
Mr Obama did the right thing: getting both parties to talk rather than murder is a step in the right direction.
Iraq is an illegal war. The NYT is just supporting unlawful combatants.
I have unpluged my TV for good. See you later 'incubator'