We Don't Need the General Motors Corp.
Times are anxious indeed, but simultaneously we are face-to-face with an extremely rare chance to replace our transportation system with something we can literally live with.
To take advantage of this uncommon opportunity we will have to do something far more profound, yet less costly, than a government bailout or an act of Congress. We will have to, as Paul Newman said in Cool Hand Luke, “get our minds right” on one simple fact: what we need is reliable, sustainable transportation. That does not mean we need General Motors Corporation or even cars. Contemplate the freedom implied in that statement for just a moment: we do not need General Motors Corporation.
Truth be known, the kingpin of the highway lobby has been by far the biggest roadblock to reliable, sustainable transportation for one basic reason: while we’ve needed, and still need, good transportation, we forgot that GMC was never in the business of providing transportation. It was in the business of making money.
That means that 90 years ago when GMC officials realized their market share had stalled out with less than 20 percent of the population owning automobiles, they had to do something. They had to get the other 80 percent of the population out of streetcars and trains – and get them into cars.
Had the company really been in the business of providing transportation, it could have started manufacturing and maintaining streetcars and rail-related equipment, but that was never going to be as profitable as selling a General Motors car to every family in the nation (or at least come as close to it as Henry Ford would allow). So GMC, as would any for-profit company, put shareholders ahead of citizens and decided the trains and streetcars had to go.
That whole, sad story is told in painstaking detail in the documentary, “Taken for a Ride.” A lively, engaging film released in 1996, it has never been more timely than right now. I’m not going to tell you how GMC did it. You can read about it here, and you really need to see the film. If your library doesn’t have a copy ask them to order it.
The point is, we have an abundance of everything it takes to provide reliable, sustainable transportation – raw materials, skilled labor and now, if we decide to exercise our 60% ownership of GMC courtesy of a $50 billion taxpayer bailout, we have the capital.
The entity known as General Motors Corporation is a legal fiction, a device most adept at concentrating economic and political power, buying off elected officials, opposing seat belts, pollution controls and higher mileage – while handing out executive lifestyles to make a pharaoh blush. But the corporation called General Motors is by NO means needed to provide transportation.
Cooperatives are just one of the humane models available for organizing finance and production. The U.S. has a rich cooperative history but since most people view them as arcane and since in modern times we have not provided optimal conditions for their growth, let’s consider an example from a country where they are taken seriously.
The Mondragon Corporacion Cooperativa (MCC), a finance, manufacturing and distribution cooperative based in the Basque region of Spain, has 85,000 employees and operations on five continents. Can you say “Goodbye, GMC?”
Michael Moore, native of Flint, Michigan, one of the communities most devastated by the deindustrialization campaign our government allowed GMC to wage, puts it a little more bluntly.
“Please, please, please don't save GM so that a smaller version of it will simply do nothing more than build Chevys or Cadillacs…Let’s be clear about this. The only way to save GM is to kill GM. Saving our precious industrial infrastructure, though, is another matter and must be a top priority. If we allow the…tearing down of our auto plants, we will sorely wish we still had them when we realize…that the best way to transport ourselves is on light rail and bullet trains and cleaner buses, how will we do this if we've allowed our industrial capacity and its skilled workforce to disappear?”
Equally important, Moore displays better insight into this problem than 90% of the “expert” talking heads when he describes hybrid cars as merely a temporary phenomenon, a bridge technology, not really required for transportation. Never forget that we are heirs to a generation of automobile advertising designed to sell cars and three more generations of advertising designed to make us feel beautiful, sexy, in command and uncommonly smart if we bought the right kind of car – along with a not-so-delicate head bashing in recent years that our very lives depend on letting the auto industry have a free hand governing our work and our economy.
It is indeed true that times of crisis are times of enormous opportunity. All we have to do is get our minds right and the sky’s the limit.
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36 Comments so far
Show AllIf we were going to design a transportation system from scratch it would look very different from what we have now.
Imagine a transport system consisting of a combination of trains and bicycles. The concept is that for local trips up to 2 or 3 miles you would ride your bike, but for longer trips the bikes would load onto trains. The bicycles would be designed to be comfortable to sit on for long periods of time, probably a recumbent or semi recumbent design with weather protection where required like these:
http://blog.velomobile.jp/images/IceBiking-1.jpg
http://www.metaefficient.com/electric-bikes/aerorider-a-sporty-electric-trike.html
http://www.recumbent-bikes-truth-for-you.com/
The train cars would be designed specifically to accommodate these bikes, allowing them to easily enter on one side of the train, and exit on the other without getting in each others way. The bikes could be human powered or electrically assisted according to the needs of the rider. If a rider is weak or lives a long distance from a train stop the electric assist would make it manageable. The slots in the trains would have the capability to charge the bikes while they are riding. The passengers would stay in their comfortable bikes during the ride. So a typical trip would be for a commuter to ride to the train station and pull into an open slot marked with their destination facing the tracks. When the train pulls up the side of the train opens and all the bikes slide into the train. The train goes to its destination and the opposite side of the train opens up and the bikes that want to leave slide out of the slots in the train and ride on to their destination.
It would be possible to make buses to accommodate these bikes as well for areas that have no train service.
BTW the film "taken for a ride" is on google video for free viewing:
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-2486235784907931000
Just finished watching the documentary "Taken for a Ride" (on Google videos). I've seen the other documentary "Who Killed the Electric Car" before. With this kind of history behind them, how can we really defend GM anymore? It's terrible that so many jobs and people's livelihoods have become dependent on the auto industry selling more cars. We can only wonder, how many jobs and small businesses were destroyed over the years because of the auto/oil industries...not to mention the lives lost to defend this "way of life".
The bailout is not new. We've been bailing out GM since the beginning. If transportation were a free market, cars wouldn't exist. There is a good article on that here:
http://thesearethetimesmagazine.com/0903/autobailout.html
We're actually slaves to GM.
Absolutely! I've been saying on many occasions - let the real cost of driving be brought into the open - then the real alternatives would emerge. And we'll see who's subsidizing who and for how long. Compare this with the situation in higher education and healthcare - where you are pretty much expected to fork out the entire cost and then some (for the profit of the corporations and their shareholders).
Solar powered horses.
That's funny. But horses are already (and have always been) solar powered :)
deleted by author
Amen
"We have the power, we have the technology, we have the money, we have the labor...." We'll reach the moon before the end of the decade....
but what if someone already has all of it ready to buy today and all you have to do is lay new track?
Why create an entire industry from the ashes of a bankrupt company when there are plenty of light-rail train manufacturers already in full swing? Are we just making ourselves feel good about coming up with the sensational 'win-win' for everybody?
Fiat (Italy) and Bombardier (Canada) are examples of companies making light rail. For those in PDX, you are riding on Bombardier products. Bombardier Advance Rapid Transit are used in Vancouver BC, New York, Beijing, and...(drum roll)... DETROIT!
"don't waste drinking money running water uphill" -Village drunk, circa 1824.
chuk-it-levi-strauss, while you have a point about not resurrecting a "bankrupt company", your examples of Fiat and Bombardier are not quite the "best in business". Japanese and Korean manufacturers have more energy efficient systems, and don't forget the Germans. Of course, I'm making a broad point without numbers - but there are ways to evaluate the best option for each region (yes, options need to be evaluated on a regional basis) - and the trolley bus can actually be the most cost effective and the least polluting (on a life-cycle basis - including the emissions related to construction of tracks) per passenger per mile, in some situations. And, lastly, if transportation infrastructure is so critical for a nation's future (which it always is), then it's best to develop local capability. It's not just about jobs - but simple economics - how would you pay for these imports? As such, there is very little that America produces which the rest of the world needs, and in the long run, ALL imports need to be balanced with exports.
I'm not offering the "best in business". I'm quickly illustrating how unreasonable it is build a "national company" to save GM. and how foolish it is to sit around and wait for design and engineer teams to put together some national rail car build plan when we can go to any number of companies and secure rails cars today. Fiat, Bombardier, Hyundai Rotem, ANYTHING is better than waiting perhaps a decade for things to roll... as I've mentioned before, look to the past...
..."all import need to be balanced with exports"... simple economics.
"develop local capability" reminds me of the "Buy America" pushed by Nixon. Boeing LRV was an absolute failure ending in lawsuits against the company for faulty product --it built absolutely no long term economic return for the nation.
Please look to this time period and see how we actually ended up broadly failing the public transportation system. Explain to me how your nomination would be better than the past results?
And Bombardier or Fiat aren't the end and beginning. Bombardier is a tangible example... A quick and efficient and FUNCTIONAL example which US passengers can experience first hand and make a concrete assessment by riding them in NY, PDX, Detroit, Montreal, Vancouver BC, Beijing, and Yongin, Korea.... Yes, it is true. Bombardier trains are in the Korean market.
I suspect when you say "Japan., Korea., and Germany", you are talking about bullet trains but I have no idea. I'm talking about Rapid Transit and light rail. Nobody in FTA is talking about bullet trains in the US. The markets where rapid transit will put in place are metro hubs less than 150 miles, a bullet train wouldn't be feasible. So, anyway. Efficiency of those trains are diminished when they can't operate at their higher speeds. ...but you know, we don't need to build an entire economy to make this work. The San Francisco BART system didn't, nor did Seattle, or NYC, or San Diego.
and thanks for the response and challenging points. this is an exciting topic, I hope it stays on the national level even with its many pitfalls and potential roller coaster scenarios....
-cils
>>>chuk-it-levi-strauss wrote: "develop local capability" reminds me of the "Buy America" pushed by Nixon.
It's not the same. And what I'm proposing is not just for America, but for ANY major nation that has the technological capability and an environment where technology can be rapidly developed. Developing light rails for mass transit or even rapid transit is entirely within the capability of the USA. This is not a one-time, one-off purchase - we are talking of a complete systemic change. And everything is going to cost money. For a nation that cannot even replace its aging railroad tracks and systems (I'm talking about America), spending billions to import complete systems from abroad (yes, you need to buy COMPLETE systems - not just the rail cars; complete with signaling and all kinds of controls that are not really mix-and-match) should be weighed against developing local industries while at the same time moving towards a sustainable mode of transportation. And it's going to take at least a decade to take on the auto and oil lobbies - so don't be in a hurry either way :)
>>>I suspect when you say "Japan., Korea., and Germany", you are talking about bullet trains
Nope. Not at all. I'm talking about regular metro trains. From what I understand, the Korean system (used in Seoul Metro) is currently superior to even comparable Japanese technology - and they are used in the Delhi Metro in India, initially against stiff opposition from local manufacturers, mostly government-owned.
Talking about "Bombardier trains in the Korean market", it is only for the Yongin area, for a route that's only 18.5 km, mostly to serve tourists. It is no comparison to the Seoul metro network that is approaching 300-km in total, and crisscrossing the entire city, mostly underground. By the way, did you know that the latest rapid transit line being built (already built?) for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver will use train cars made in Korea? Incidentally, this route is also 19-km - almost same as the Yongin line. My suspicion is that the Koreans decided to buy from Bombardier, so they could get the Vancouver contract in return - and think of the visibility they would get during the Olympics! I may have an over-active imagination and obviously there's no way I can prove this - but, having seen metro rail systems around the world, I cannot imagine any reason for the Koreans to buy from Bombardier except maybe to keep the Canadians happy.
I agree, this is an interesting topic - and I have seen passionate debates involving experts proposing various options. I'm no expert - and I really don't care where the trains are made. But I do think a major change such as this cannot be viewed in isolation, without considering trade deficits, national debt (you still need to pay for imports with exports - there's simply no getting away from THAT fact), and, of course, jobs.
It might be handy if Google Earth/Maps, Mapquest, Yahoo Maps, and other online services (and even traditional printed maps) would show public transportation information, with graphics for bus routes, subway lines, light rail terminals, etc... along with schedules (just enter your desired time/address), and park & ride locations, commuter lanes, and bicycle paths. They already show traffic information, street level views, where to buy a pizza, gas stations, etc. I guess it's because they're still stuck in the road warrior mindset.
Come to think of it, there should also be a "911" button for locations of hospitals, police stations, fire houses, evacuation routes, whatever.....
Wish I knew someone at Google, or The Whitehouse. Will try e-mail, but that probably has as much chance as Ralph Nader being appointed Secretary of Transportation.
Google Maps already has such a feature in my city.
Get on Google maps and zoom into anywhere in the Pittsburgh area. Click on any blue bus-stop symbol. You will get a window with the route numbers that serve that stop, destinations, and scheduled time for the next two to five buses at that stop.
I've checked their times against the official bus schedues - they are remarkably accurate and error free.
While USans fight wars in the name of freedom, General Motors actually killed their freedom to choose transportation that cost ten times less, namely long distance and local rail. Pack up for another tour of Iraq, soldier. You have to secure the fuel for the Cadillac Escalade you're gonna drive if you make it back alive.
The GM/rails story is a typical case of the false efficiency of private industry.
When one considers the choice of driving a car, one does not consider taxes to procure the oil and caretake the vets who quickly or gradually grind into disability.
Consumers usually make deci$ion$ assuming only personal lo$$ or gain because consumers assume that public and corporate decisions cannot be changed and because they find the results of their purchases unclear.
To call this universal or "human nature" overlooks the effects of the current market, where people cannot often tell where goods come from, how they got there, or what collateral damage is associated with their purchase and use.
"The personal vehicle is here to stay"
I suppose -- if you count bicycles as personal vehicles. I got rid of my car in 1995. Haven't once regretted it.
"Right, what part of that 80% lived in rural america where it was the horse the car was replacing, not the streetcar or the train?"
Answer - only a few percent.
Of course the car was an improvement over horses in rural areas - but only a small minority of USAns have lived in rural areas since the early 20th century.
You are attacking a straw man. No one is calling for a complete abolition of cars and trucks - just a very deep reduction in our reliance on them - largely through dismantling of the sprawling, incredibly wasteful and environmentally destructive suburban model of developemt that requires them.
The suburbs and exurbs must be replaced with the older, and much nicer, model of compact communities, that besides being good for the environment, replace corporate chains and big-boxes with local mom-and-pop economics.
We are in times of great, and grave, change...nothing about our current daily existence should be seen as 'off the table' where change is concerned, as our current thinking and behavior is incredibly dysfunctional, and no ideas for future daily existence should be labeled 'non-starters'...being unable to envision life without the car doesn't mean life without cars is not a realistic possibility, or an admirable goal...
dubet, you're absolutely right when you say "no ideas for future daily existence should be labeled 'non-starters'...". After all, we are defending a 'system' that came about only in the last 100-150 years (and that too, not through any evolution of technologies, but through a deliberate manipulation), imagining that life without this 'system' in its current form would be somehow worse.
Where I would defer from you is in ownership of cars: depending on public transportation, admirable as it is, is still dependence, just as depending on cars is today. To meet life's contingencies, I would still own a personal vehicle, though I wouldn't use it everyday if I can get by using other means. Also, I would like to pay my road insurance (and even road construction costs) ONLY to the extent that I drive. I'm sick of subsidizing all the other drivers and the auto and oil companies while I myself do not drive much. Make the costs realistic and on a 'user-pay-full-cost' basis. Let the oil companies maintain their own private armies to protect "our oil under their sand" and pass on the costs to consumers. Let the cost of road construction and maintenance be recouped from those who use them the most. And let the insurance premiums be strictly proportional to the risk (which itself is proportional to how much one drives and depends on the time of day). Then we'll get the real picture - and a new system would come about in its place.
The Federal government's "saving" General Motors is about keeping its military industry going, not about cars. Cars are only the poster boy for this human slaughterhouse corporation.
there's truth to this very statement. The very thing happened as the Vietnam War cycled down, the conversion of defense contractors into domestic contractors. Government, through the Urban Mass Transit Authority, attempted this sort of very thing.... "Buy America" under Nixon....
Get real. People don't want trolleys, busses, trains, rickshas or ox-carts if they have a choice. People want privacy & mobility, which motor cars give them.
Plenty of people want public transport in circumstances that have good public transport: where cities have grown up around them.
In the 1950's, when GM bought up the trolley trains in Los Angeles, California and destroyed them, they did not do so because they could not sell train tickets. They did so because they made more money selling cars. To rephrase this, many among the population of Los Angeles found the tram lines useful and patronized them, but by destroying the trams, GM could charge them more for cars.
GM chose the cars because they were less efficient.
Of course, in contemporary Los Angeles, well-to-do people usually prefer cars The city sprawls. Public transport has to cover a wide area with resultant small percentage of users, so If you try to take a bus to most places in LA, you travel all day and pay more to do so. On the other hand, a lot of people find it foolish to drive a car in San Francisco, Manhattan, Mexico City, or Paris. The cities have good public transport. All but Mexico City are bunched together. If you want to own a car, you pay high fees to part. Anywhere you try to drive, traffic is a pain.
So no. Plenty of people want economy, convenience, and mobility, which in many places public transport supplies better than cars -- even now with the artificially reduced price of oil.
I stopped driving ten years ago. Public transport and taxis are a horrible way to get around in a western city. If I wasn't retired I probably couldn't manage, it just takes too long to do anything. However with the money I save not paying for the use of a private auto I can afford to visit India. Love those rickshaws, so handy. Too bad India is going the way of the west, way too many motor vehicles for the amount of roadway.
"People don't want trolleys, busses, trains, rickshas or ox-carts if they have a choice. People want privacy & mobility, which motor cars give them."
Uh ... who appointed you spokesman for the human race? Trolleys, buses trains (and a bicycle) are exactly what I want. Except for trolleys they're what I have too. I wouldn't drive a car if you gave me one.
I'll trade you my SUV for a light rail freight train anyway. And FYI, privacy is long dead. Your wee-wee is showing.
And, if you read the article, there was a time when a seamless system of walakble citys and towns, trolleys, interurban trolleys, and intercity trains gave people in all but rural areas all the same mobility as a car at a tiny fraction of the cost and traffic aggravation.
The electric interurbans provided service several times an hour from cities to surrounding towns at up to 70-80 mph. Steam trains - old fashioned steam trains - went to major cities hourly and went up to 90 mph. Connections went to the smallest rural towns.
The degree that this sleek transportation system that USAns once enjoyed has been erased from history is pretty remarkable.
So it wasn't suprising that in the 1920's after 20 years of car manufacturting effort, only the 20% of people - mostly those in rural areas - were buying cars.
The demand for cars is a fabircated one - an entire convienient and efficient transprotation system was dismantled and replaced with a stunningly inefficent one to make that demand. A triumvirate of Big Detroit, Big Real Estate, and Big Box keep it this way.
The world alway didn't, and most of it doesn't look like freeway and wal-mart-clogged bubbasouth-land. There are manifestly better ways to live.
A bus and/or bicycle will give you mobility, and a pair of dark sunglasses, an iPod, and a surly look will give you privacy.
Seriously...myspace, facebook, twitter...people gave up privacy.
I wish they would expand public transport, I love the subway systems in Boston and NYC, and think some small cities i've been to would still benefit greatly from such systems even though theres less people.
no Bubbasouth, they want the illusion of privacy and mobility. Privacy began disappearing in the 1960s with credit cards and now is essentially gone. With satellite-linked GPS in many cars, somebody can watch you, while you watch your monitor screen. As for mobility, we want it but we also need it. We have indulged our juvenile sense of entitlement and built vast swaths of car-dependent, suburban sprawl. There are many parts of the country where you cannot do anything without getting into the car. They don't even have sidewalks. Anyway, go ahead, get in the car. In those same parts of the country, you will crawl through traffic between 6 and 10 AM and 3 and 7 PM, and several hours on Saturday afternoon. I have lived in several semi-rural, ex-urban areas and it is just as bad if not worse there. There is almost no part of "civilization", not overrun by auto and truck traffic.
When you get where you are going, you will pay a lot to park, if you can find a space and walk much farther to your destination than the distance from the bus stop. And what will there be when you get there? A mall, a cineplex, a strip of stores, like every other strip in every other town on every other highway in every other state. Maybe you'll get to choose between IHOP and Appleby's. This is what we get in exchange for the illusion of privacy and mobility. But in a sense you are right. People will resist mightily any attempt to shatter their illusions. The illusion of privacy, mobility and freedom is easier than the practice thereof.
Anyway, f**k all that, I am going to go turn on my 57" plasma screen and watch, aging, never-were athletes argue about sports statistics on ESPN...
Let GM fail. Let us instead learn from our foreign competitors and give our inventers in America a fair chance. GOD IS PUNISHING GM TO ETERNAL DAMNATION for stifling growth and competition for so long and after one of its defective cars nearly took my mother's life, I feel eternally grateful that JUSTICE has been served. GOODBYE GM ! REST IN PIECES !!
"GOD IS PUNISHING GM TO ETERNAL DAMNATION"
You've gota stop with that.
I know. It's just that there's so much to be outraged about having known GM's historical details and even having witnessed a great many of them myself. I generally don't like to watch a person or company suffer but I'll make an exception on GM.
I second your opinion. Could you imagine the type of trains coming out of GM? What city/investor would want to take a risk? First, it could take roughly 6 years before its first trains were "fully functional" and ready for the public --once it first secured governmental contracts/loans/grants to 'rebuild'. Then, much like Boeing LRV of the past (1973 start time), we could end up seeing faulty construction for 'learn on the job' progress, slowing actual real-time progress, ending in lawsuits for constant failures. In 1979, MBTA (Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority)successfully sued Boeing-Vertol, but I don't think they saw their total return (rebuilt cars) until around 1983.
Why take another chance on GM when we can put money into buying functional products with a "track" record?
I just don't understand why anyone would sell such a pipedream for a bankrupted company. We'd be lucky to see anything functional come of it, and when it did, if it worked, it could be 6-8 years from the date the government put money into effect....
There are viable, functional options and then there is the GM to Rail plan and all of its variables that can't be quantified.