Consumer fury against big banks is jingling the till at credit unions.

Cory Heck holds a ripped Bank of America bank statement in Royal Oak, Mich., Thursday, Oct. 20, 2011. Cory is doing what many Bank of America customers just threatened to do in response to plans to charge $5 per month for using debit cards. He's switching banks. It may be a hassle, but he's fed up enough to make the effort. (Carlos Osorio, Associated Press) The small not-for-profits, generally viewed as a low-key corner of the financial services business, have been picking up customers who say they're fed up with bank fees and account requirements.

TopLine Federal Credit Union in Maple Grove said it saw a nearly 20 percent increase in new checking accounts in the first three weeks in October. Others say new checking accounts have doubled.

The surge is unprecedented, according to TopLine CEO Harry Carter. He said about a third of the new customers "are volunteering that they're doing it because of the fees charged by larger banks."

The credit unions are capitalizing on what has been a slow-burning anger over the government's 2008 bailout of big banks and what some see as the banks' refusal since then to offer help to cash-strapped customers or loans to anyone without sterling credit.

It's unclear whether the backlash will grow big enough to become something more than an annoyance to the industry's largest institutions, who are now flush with cash. Some analysts think the customers most likely to desert big banks are the least affluent -- and often the least profitable.

But credit union executives say there's no question that they are gaining customers. They're preparing for another wave with the approach of "Bank Transfer Day" -- a grassroots call circulating across the country to boycott banks and shift accounts to credit unions next Saturday.

Apparently launched on Facebook this month by a Los Angeles art dealer who said she'd "had enough," the Transfer Day idea has caught fire. As of Friday, a Facebook page showed about 65,000 people would participate, and another 13,000 saying they might.

Consumers have complained for years about bank fees. The 2008 taxpayer bailout "added insult to injury," said Pamela Banks, senior policy counsel for the Consumers Union in Washington, D.C.

Then came this year's battle over how much banks can charge retailers in debit card "swipe" fees. Many big banks said in response to the new, lower limits on those fees that they would consider charging customers to use the cards.

However, the industry has been beating a hasty retreat from those plans this fall, in what seems at least a tacit admission that customers won't stand for it.

This past week, Wells Fargo and J.P. Morgan Chase said they won't follow through with previous plans to charge people for using their debit cards when their pilot programs run out. Wells Fargo began its test in five states on Oct. 14, charging a $3 fee for debit purchases. On Friday, Wells said it was canceling the test program.

In Minnesota, TCF announced last week that it would not charge a specific monthly fee for debit cards. TCF is charging a $9.95 monthly maintenance fee for checking account customers who don't meet certain requirements.

Minneapolis-based U.S. Bancorp, too, said it doesn't plan to charge customers monthly debit card fees, but it has ended its debit rewards program. This summer it started charging checking customers $6.95 to $8.95 a month if they don't meet certain requirements.

TCF unsuccessfully sued the Federal Reserve in a bid to stop the new debit limits, warning that consumers would end up paying for it.

A surge of new accounts

How much of the uptick in business at credit unions can be tied to the debit card issue is impossible to say, but credit union executives say customers are angry about fees in general.

Even the Minnesota Catholic Credit Union, with just $25 million in assets, is seeing more business. The church-based credit union in Little Canada has doubled the number of new checking accounts in the past six months.

CEO David Sawin said he's surprised, and chalks it up to the bank fee fracas.

"Now they're saying 'I don't care that I've been with my bank for 30 years, I'm coming over to you because they've pushed me too far,'" Sawin said.

"We didn't advertise," Sawin added. "We weren't pushing it."

Other credit unions, however, are.

St. Paul-based Affinity Plus Federal Credit Union, one of the state's largest credit unions with $1.5 billion in assets, has ramped up its edgy "Ditch Your Bank" ad campaign.

The campaign, by Risdall Marketing Group of New Brighton, has been running for a year. But it shifted last spring from poking at the industry in general to directly attacking bank fees, said Kyle Markland, Affinity Plus' CEO.

"We just felt that it was time that somebody had to take a more aggressive stand to say there's an alternative out there," Markland said.

Television spots that started running last spring show customers in an imposing bank being stripped of their clothes. The voice: "Too-big-to-fail banks are always finding new fees, charges and rate increases. How much more do you want them to take?"

Earlier this month, Affinity Plus took a swing at Wells Fargo with billboards trumpeting: "More debit card fees? That's stagecoach robery."

Markland said Affinity Plus has been signing up about 2,000 new accounts a month in the past two months -- double levels from a year ago. The customers are predominantly shifting from Wells Fargo, he said, but also from TCF and U.S. Bank.

One of them is Ben Ransom, who's in the process of switching. A business developer for a wind energy company who lives in St. Paul, Ransom said he didn't have a bad fee experience with Wells Fargo. But he said he was concerned that the company's debit card fees might eventually extend to him, calling it "an example of the nickel-and-dime mentality."

Preparing for a busy day

The Minnesota Credit Union Network, which represents the state's 144 credit unions, is deep in preparations for Bank Transfer Day. The group's president, Mark Cummins, sounded the alert in a newsletter and has been encouraging members to extend their hours Nov. 5.

"I'm selfishly gratified by the fact there's an awakening of the knowledge that there's an alternative out there," he said.

Industry experts have been anticipating a wave of customers to close bank accounts. Dick Bove, a veteran analyst with Rochdale Securities in Florida, estimates that 15 to 20 percent of Americans with bank accounts are likely to close them by the end of 2012.

The transfers probably won't have a huge impact on big banks, he said, because most of the customers leaving probably don't bring much in profits to begin with. Banks probably wanted to trim those accounts anyway, he said, although they would never publicly admit it.

But Greg McBride, an analyst with Bankrate.com in North Palm Beach, Fla., said there's evidence to suggest that richer households may be more susceptible to bolting than others.

A poll Bankrate.com commissioned in March concluded that 64 percent of Americans would consider switching financial institutions if their checking fees increased. For households with incomes of at least $75,000, the number jumped to 75 percent.

Markland, at Affinity Plus, disputes the idea that credit unions are luring marginal customers. The average new member at Affinity Plus has more than six different kinds of accounts or services, he said.

Over at TopLine, Carter said he doesn't care if people transfer with just a checking account.

"The level of profitability, only time will tell," Carter said. "Everyone is welcome."