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Western Lifestyle Unsustainable, Says Climate Expert Rajendra Pachauri
Ahead of the Copenhagen summit, leading scientist and IPCC chair Rajendra Pachauri warns of radical charges and regulation if global disaster is to be avoided
Rajendra Pachauri, the chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), warned that western society must undergo a radical value shift if the worst effects of climate change were to be avoided. A new value system of "sustainable consumption" was now urgently required, he said.
Rajendra Pachauri accepts the Nobel prize on behalf of the IPCC in 2007. (Photograph: AFP/Getty Images) "Today we have reached the point where consumption and people's desire to consume has grown out of proportion," said Pachauri. "The reality is that our lifestyles are unsustainable."
Among the proposals highlighted by Pachauri were the suggestion that hotel guests should be made responsible for their energy use. "I don't see why you couldn't have a meter in the room to register your energy consumption from air-conditioning or heating and you should be charged for that," he said. "By bringing about changes of this kind, you could really ensure that people start becoming accountable for their actions."
Pachauri also proposed that governments use taxes on aviation to provide heavy subsidies for other forms of transport. "We should make sure there is a huge difference between the cost of flying and taking the train," he said. Despite the fact that there is often little benefit in time and convenience in short-haul flights, he said people were still making the "irrational" choice to fly. Taxation should be used to discourage them.
He dismissed suggestions that the actions he was advocating were insignificant next to the decisions that would be made at the UN's climate summit which opens in Copenhagen in seven days' time. "In a democracy, governments will ultimately respond to what the people want," he said. "If the people have a strong desire which can be demonstrated through their actions, as well as their vote at the time of elections, you can bring about a major shift in policy."
Pachauri caused controversy last year by advocating, in an interview with the Observer, that people should eat less meat because of the levels of carbon emissions associated with rearing livestock. He is scheduled to deliver a keynote speech at the opening session of the Copenhagen summit.
He said the opening bids from China and the US on emissions – announced last week – had given hope that a deal could be reached in Copenhagen, even if some details would have to be filled in later. "I think it provides momentum to the whole negotiations," he said.
Pachauri was speaking to the Observer before a public discussion at the Wellcome Collection in Euston with the philosopher AC Grayling yesterday. It will be broadcast by the BBC World Service on Wednesday.
He said that he also believed car use would have to be "curbed": "I think we can certainly use pricing to regulate the use of private vehicles." He added he was a supporter of former London mayor Ken Livingstone's plan to increase the congestion charge to £25 for the most polluting vehicles. The proposal was dropped by Boris Johnson and the charge currently stands at £8. Pachauri also denounced the practice in some restaurants of providing iced water to customers who had not ordered it. "It is just an enormous amount of waste that we don't even think about," he said.
Ultimately, Pachauri said the value shift that was needed would take a generation to take hold. "I think the section of society that will make it happen is essentially young people. I think they will be far more sensitive than adults, who have been corrupted by the ways we have been following for years now."
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98 Comments so far
Show AllLook. There are not going to be any "radical changes."
How long is it going to take for people to understand that?
Human beings are not going to change.
Die-off is coming.
For many, especially politicians and CEO's, die-off can't come fast enough.
Yes but the poor will suffer first and most severely. I hope drug stores give cyanide pills on request when it becomes obvious that we are going to either cook or drown. Remember the book 'On The Beach'?
How about P.D. James work 'Children of Men' and the movie adaptation it spawned?
Don't be blindly pessimistic. Please. There are so many positive, long-term changes happening in the area of consumption, just beneath the media-radar. The ball is in the air, the jury's not in, there's 7 billion of us humans alive (well - 6,88 as of today) and the number's still increasing by nearly 100 million a year (and that increase is our main problem, as that's what's sustaining the uncontinuable global economic growth - the disposable work-force driving the system growing).
Always remember: where there's life, there's hope!
(In spite of Obama...). 7 billion people is a lot of life, a lot of hope, a lot of creativity and a lot of will to live smartly and in peace.
Pachauri, Nobelist, is reminding us slow learners of the basic fact: our western life-style and daily activities can't continue without increasingly stopping itself now. That's the meaning of "unsustainable".
The problem is that the vast majority of that 7 billion, those on the bottom end of the economic scale, especially the 2 billion or so at less than 2 US Dollars a day to spend can really do very little to change the climate by changing their consumption patterns.
Most of the destruction is coming from the 1 billion at the top, and they have been made to be addicted over the last 70 years or so by conditioning to unsustainable consumption, and most of the giant corporations of the world depend on them for their existence and it is they together in their symbiotic destruction that will kill the rest and themselves to satisfy their addiction. There is no making sense when dealing with junkies or their suppliers.
Yes.
But some of us consumption-junkies are waking up. Like you and me, Lucitanian, and many more. Increasingly more.
We're in a race with ourselves here for survival - of ways of life practically reminiscent of what we 1 billion 'internet-rich' call 'life as we know it'. This means, inter alia, preserving the good solutions and knowledge we as a species have developed. What counts as 'good', though, remains to be determined. We need input from all of us to decide that: We're the ones we're waiting for!
A brilliant, honest assessment of what we need to do... that will be immediately shot down as irresponsible and damaging to the world economy.
The truth is, we need to go even further. A heavy tax on typical car driving for instance. Tax breaks for home gardens and poultry keeping. Heavy fines and taxes on energy intensive industries. Taxes on plastic toys and luxury goods. Reconstruction of rail lines and the banning of semi-tractor trailer units outside city limits. Expansion of public transit. Birth control made freely available, and the education of the public on why large families are no longer acceptable.
But all of these measures *must* be coupled with the public explanation and acceptance of peak resources as well. No matter how conservation minded we are, we are still consuming more resources than the planet can provide.
Realistically, the truth is nothing will be accomplished at Copenhagen. The Corporations will win another round of doing nothing while we amuse ourselves (and the rest of the planet) to death. The incredibly coincidental timing re: the release of the hacked Climate Change E-mails shows just how underhanded and panicky the Corporations are getting.
Stop recreational use of internal combustion engines.
Institute community use pickups.
Expand rail lines and light rail.
Change car lanes to bike lanes.
Tax all income above 100,000 until at 1 million the tax is 80%, no loop holes.
Break up all corporations.
Outlaw all corporate representation in government.
Outlaw all plastic packaging.
Outlaw monocultural megafarms.
Outlaw feed lots for cattle.
Make birth control mandatory by taxing the shit out of families with more than two kids.
This is a start. Less than this is pissing into the wind.
Jeevee
YES! "Tax ALL incomes over $100,000!"
Nothing will be done until we can address population numbers.
"Nothing will be done until we can address population numbers."
That Malthusian conclusion is SO 19th century!
We currently have the technology to live in a natural, sustainable, infinitely regenerative environment. What is lacking is the corporate/political will.
Think about how much we humans waste --- and not just materially, but intellectually --- on ways of killing each other. Now take half of that 'industry' and point it toward ending poverty and educating mankind in the ways of truly contributing to our overall benefit/survival and it soon becomes obvious that our "over" population is just another convenient ruling class ruse to keep our collective hands tied.
"population is just another convenient ruling class ruse to keep our collective hands tied" Now I am laffing. Ruling class that's rich. The ruling class as you call them better know as corporations and the investor class want as many people they can enslave to their purposes that the earth can take. More if possible. Do you actually believe that technology and corporations will save the world and bring an end to poverty and education? Your term collective hands gives one the idea that you possibly may have socialist tendencies and if so the country with the largest socialist population is doing everything it can to bring their population numbers down. You are going to wish it was the 19th century one of these days.
Technology, yes, Corporations, no.
The technology of which I speak concerns renewable, sustainable energy --- solar, wind, thermal, tidal, etc.
You are arguing with me while agreeing with my concept when you write: "The ruling class as you call them better know(sic) as corporations and the investor class want as many people they can enslave to their purposes that the earth can take."
I am trying to point out the fact that the mindset of "over-population" is yet another meme the (to use your words) 'corporations and the investor class' use as a way to enslave the other 99% of the world's population.
The 'technology' you so blithely toss out as salvation is catastrophically dependent upon a single resource (oil) for it's very creation, distribution and implementation.
Peak Oil (as well as 'Peak' everything else) is bearing down on Western Technological Civilization like a collapsing mountainside. The consequences of 150 years of wasteful hydrocarbon dependancy are becoming more and more self evident. The oceans have been fished almost to extinction, as well as being choked with an expanding cesspit of slowly disintegrating plastic. Oil, natural gas, industrial minerals, uranium, gold, helium and all the other resources we need to maintain our lifestyle and techno-fetishist addictions are become scarer and more difficult to extract with every passing day. Bio-diversity is dropping like a rock. Ice packs, glaciers and ice sheets world wide are in massive retreat. Potable fresh water is being contaminated with chemicals, pesticides and pharmaceuticals faster than the natural aquifers can filter it, and many of these compounds do not exist in nature and are bio-accumulative.
Every single indicator is pointing at a nightmare of overshoot and collapse as far as human survival is concerned.
And all we do is argue about a swathe of hacked/stolen (and probably forged) e-mails disputing arcane minutiae of one lab involved in Climate Change research.
I don't know about the rest of you, but I am getting my kit together to get out and off the grid.
Galen-
I said nothing about oil. Fossil fuel technology is also 19th century.
Please re-read my post and take special note of the words, "regenerative" and "sustainable".
Old Peculiar, excellent point about "how much we humans waste --- and not just materially, but intellectually --- on ways of killing each other." I also want to add - in the name of so-called entertainment. I don't know about your position on this - but I find that the spread of golf and hockey (requiring year-round operation of ice-rinks in places where there is no natural ice for most of the year) as so disconnected from any concerns about resource use and the accompanying emissions. Even football (the American version) is wasteful. I'm sure many people will feel they can't live without these - which are nothing more than business ventures with a lot of manufactured loyalty and hype. And these didn't exist a 100+ years ago - give or take a few.
Oddly, I think professional games do serve a purpose (mainly to 'use up' the testosterone-induced desire for competition and 'winning'). Better to 'settle up scores' on a playing-field as opposed to a battle-field.
Read the article about the waste in the building of Dubai (on this website) if you want to get a sense of truly insane business ventures.
No, you don't need "professional" (actually "corporate") games to 'use up' the testosterone-induced desire for competition and 'winning'. Teams can be formed informally - it's quite common in Asian countries where workers in a company form their own teams, compete among themselves or with other companies, university teams and so on. All this TV-induced hype and distraction only goes to serve corporate interests - by diverting people's energy. And about Dubai, I have been following this monstrosity for the last few years - I tried to tell some of the people who were so impressed by Dubai's growth that it was not sustainable. I actually feel vindicated after hearing of their latest financial troubles.
What radical changes! Watch your energy use in hotels. Ride in airplanes less. Don't order ice water in restaurants. Are we out of our minds?
What a climate change sissy!
How did he get to Norway to accept his silly little prize? Did he walk? Why not? Does he eat in restaurants? Why?
He and Al Gore should sleep in a tent or stay home. Turn down the air conditioning in hotels.
Unbelievable. How about condemning the Hilton family to the guillotine? How about taking Boeing by the wings and smashing it to smithereens? Why not feed Ronald McDonald an antifreeze-mac?
We should all have our limbs sawed off for being this stupid.
Europeans (and especially in Pachauri's India) use cars far less than USAn's. Even affluent Europeans have a carbon footprint half of that of a middle-class USAn. So for them, air travel is the big, "low-hanging fruit" in reducing carbon. In the USA, Canada and Oz, carbon emissions are off the charts due to car use (absurdly heavy and inefficient cars at that). There is also a lot of gratuitous AC use, even in places like suburban Toronto where most homes have AC and use it whenever the temp climbs above 20C, even though 30C is rare there. So, only in N. America and Australia does air travel sit down the list a ways.
Also, there has been a disturbing trend in Europe and India, of people choosing cheap short-haul domestic flights over using perfectly fine, often high-speed, train service. Short-haul flights are especially inefficient and carbon emitting, because so much of the flight is spent in the fuel-guzzling takeoff and climb. Steep taxes are an appropriate way to make the cost of the ticket reflect its actual externalized environmental costs.
But I agree, the changes he is suggesting are hardly radical, and like most physical scientists, he seems to be ignorant as to how social and economic systems work (Carl Sagan used to be maddening this way), so he views everything as people making poor individual choices, instead of overarching economic interests largely manufacturing and controlling those choices.
Actually Pachauri knows about economic systems only too well. The research institute (TERI - an NGO) he's heading in India works on technology as well as economic issues - by bringing together all the "stakeholders" together on major issues. He also has a Ph.D. in engineering & economics. It's only in recent years that he has been advocating lifestyle changes - probably realizing that relying on institutional change alone is not going to cut it. You see, all these negotiations on climate change are handled by "experts" - who may not always practice what they preach, being used to a high-flying life. Too often, they deal with numbers and don't walk the talk. So it's important that as head of the IPCC, Pachauri also draws attention to individual action and responsibility.
You are so right in classifying the USA, Canada and Oz as a separate beast - it's actually scary to see how much people in these countries take for granted. And you are also right about Indians starting to use more short-haul flights - although I must say that train services there still are inadequate - considering the population. The railways in India are in the grip of bureaucrats and politicians - they approach the whole problem of capacity in a wrong-headed way.
We have all found out recently a bit more truth about the whole magilla. Lets not forget it or use double standards in considering it.
Yeah, climate scientists from all over the world came together, and in a secret plot involving thousands, carefully coordinated fake data from thousands of instruments gathered from over 100 years in order to produce hundreds of fake peer-reviewed articles in dozens of journals and hundreds of conferences. But it goes further than this, because in any other scientific endeavor, there are always many other other scientists working on finding different theories that explain the data. So, there were also hundreds of other scientists in on the plot, producing faked-failed efforts at alternate theories.
Now, the scheming scientists are doing all this because they want to impose one-world-government socialism on the God-blessed greatest (and smartest) poeple on earth, AMERICA!
And furthermore, there IS an explanation how these scientists, with upbringings in every nationality, ideology and religion in the world, could somehow all come together and decide on One-World-Socialism. Remember, these scientists are all Godless Athiests, doing their devil's work toward the goals of all science - to prove there is no God - the God of Jesus; the God of the Free Enterprise System! They are all followers of that great Atheist-in-Chief - KARL MARX!
- Q.E.D.
Great post. And the funniest [and saddest] part is how many people would believe every word of this. In fact, it sort of sounds like .... hey, are you one of my brothers in disguise?
One of my brothers (actually at least two, plus a sister, plus a couple in-laws) too!
Ha-ha ;-)
The great conspiracy running through world history: God vs. marxism!
(a.k.a: Better get those $&%#@!}%! commies by any other name, bent or look - before they get US!)
Whenever and wherever people cooperate - without a drinking-straw of the 'free market'-profiteers siphoning off some of the gains - that's the devil's work of communists in action. Right?
;-)
pjd412, I read your post in a hurry and thought, wtf!, and then I saw you were responding to another post :)
No, let's not.
Accordingly, let's recall that what we have just learned is not everything about the magilla, whole or partial.
We know that at least some in the movement for GW concern have attempted to repress arguments by skeptics.
We know that Exxon and other corporations funded at least hundreds of organizations under green-sounding names to publish "skeptic" research. We know that Exxon, Westinghouse, GE, and similar operations regularly intimidate employees involved in research.
This is, objectively, a far larger attempt to obscure a competing argument.
Let us grant too though that the GW movement has made far more extensive attempts at propaganda than those suggested by those emails. Most obviously, the position that "No debate exists" can hardly be tenable in a debate.
People lied. Let us prosecute them where that is possible. More likely and more importantly, let's not trust them as authorities.
But let us also view the data that can be verified, view the arguments, and advance towards actions in conjunction with that.
The argument is fairly simple, and itself has nothing to do with Republicrats and Demoplicans or how any of us feel about corporate personhood or governmental regulation.
Verify the data where you will:
1. The globe is currently warming.
2. Warming always has gone through all kinds of cycles.
3. This warming is out of rhythm.
The most obvious and economical conclusion is that there are other factors that influence climate, but that human activity influences climate too. There's nothing really strange about that: any event whatsoever requires a confluence of factors. Remove a factor, one changes the event.
We also know that the water rose and fell considerably with the rising and falling of the ice caps during the various ice ages.
Just because the usual political culprits are jimmying evidence and selling soap in all the ways they usually do and exercising all the usual apocalyptic paranoias does not mean we are not in trouble.
It just means we had better have a good look at what must be done, because smoke and fire will not stop humans from fiddling.
Rats in a cage running
ever faster and faster
and getting nowhere.
Life is too short so
why rush through it?
The seas will rise its to late to stop that train it left the station in 1950! 9 billion people by 2050 does he really think all these things matter anymore while we increase our burning of coal worldwide? LOL , what fools.
I have relatives, listeners of FOX and conservative radio, that still believe climate change to be largely a hoax. Of course we can't gag naysayers because of free speech, but it seems to me until the signs and threats of climate change are immediate, up close and personal instead of decades or continents away these uninformed/misinformed ostriches aren't going to make any connection between whether their water glass has ice in it or not. They may grumble about the A/C on their hotel bill, but that of course will be a Democratic/Liberal conspiracy to get more money from tourists.
I too have relatives and co-workers that consider GW a hoax, the modest Cap and Trade bill a communist plot, and heaven forbid, the electric rates in New Jersey (already 50% nuclear) might go up a bit! Now they have the hacked "evidence"! These guys are angry old white guy neocon tea party types, and they think they should run the world. Also, with these guys, the truth about anything is second to bringing Obama down, and they just might do it.
Hopefully some leadership is coming from the car company and utility managements. Companies like Ford and Excelon are starting to see beyond the fossil fuel era. Something this rabble above and their pundits can't do. Otherwise, the best we can hope is the rest of the world addresses the problem while the US continues to devolve into a third world country, happy its getting a free ride on carbon emissions while it falls hopelessly behind in sustainable technology.
I have a friend with amazing musical talent (i.e. an 'artist' as it were) living in Toronto who now believes these recent e-mails (the server hacking at East Anglia) have blown the CC debate to smithereens. The good thing about this now week-long back-and-forth 'debate' is that it has made me read/research climate more than I have in my lifetime.
A few thoughts:
First, things seem even more dire than they are reported mainly because of 'feedback loops' --- which is the basis for Hansen's 'tipping point' theory. The earth's climate is so complex - there are so many variables that contribute to our weather - that meteorologic trends and patterns are very difficult to pinpoint. This opens up room for debate and denial.
Second, no amount of graphs or scientific data will change this friend's mind. He believes the scientists are all in cahoots (their reputations are at stake!) and CC is just a huge scientific community collusion. They want to take away our freedoms, eh?! Never mind the fact that these unlawfully obtained e-mails only represent a small percentage of the scientific community and the sheer volume of them has made it difficult to determine if they are genuine. (Admittedly, the scientists' silent response isn't helping matters.)
Finally, I agree with you, cosmobilly, these types of taxes and solutions, aimed directly at the average consumer's pocketbook, are exactly the kinds of things that will merely add fuel to their fire - no pun intended.
Your comments are very true.
Actually the scientist are completely mis-applying their normal "scientific" cautious and conservative approach, and only making predictions from the conservative side of the confidence interval, afraid of being called "alarmist." But this exactly the _opposite_ of how things are done in engineering or public policy when lives are at stake. In my work, I have to assure that dams (mostly coal mine waste dams) can withstand improbable, one-in thousands of years rain and earthquake events, and you can be damn sure that no one downstream of the dam ever calls me an "alarmist"! Quite the opposite!
But, come to think of it, the coal corporations who own the dams, who's headquarters are never downstream of the dams, call me an "alarmist" all the time...
But I suspect they would call me "alarmist" even if they lived downstream. The mine offices and portals usually are. That's just how capitalism works. It is a detached, pseudo-supernatural being completely detached from the actual concerns of real, flesh and blood sentient beings.
No, I'm not off-topic; there is a metaphor here.
I like the good comments here. People who are otherwise quite intelligent can't seem to understand that population growth requires economic growth, and economic growth presents with large waste and strife. You might as well tell countries to radically change their "family values." Nope, it ain't gonna happen. Western lifestyle is what the governments of India and China are promoting for their people; more cars and more things; more meat consumption, etc., etc. It is the lifestyle that S.Korea, Malaysia, and Japan have accomplished, and it is also promoted in Mexico, and other Latin American countries (which are part of the west,anyway) in addition to other areas of the world.
"I don't want to hear about this climate change crap; I'm busy building my suburban family." And so it goes.
The poor and middle class will be expected once again to shoulder the burden of price increases for energy, while the socialist wealthy escape responsibility. That is the current system we live under.
People will not have enough money to pay sharply increased energy costs and that will result in cold homes, too little food , doing without medicine and health care, and intermittent transportation. Far too many people have been economically marginalized by government tax policy and that will not change under the current system. We are in for hard times ahead.
Tax do indeed increasingly fall heavily on those least able to pay. That has been the dirty secret of the so-called anti-tax/anti "big-government" movement for years now. The rich get income tax breaks while the poor pay regressive increases in sales, excise, and property taxes.
Go here: http://www.itepnet.org/whopays.htm
But in the case of energy usage, I know of no other way but tax-driven price increases, aside from mandatory rationing, to move to a low-energy consuming, low-or-no-car use infrastructure, smaller homes with more efficient heating, and eschewing AC unless it is really needed. Higher fuel taxes can be easily offset with income-based tax credits elsewhere, so they need not burden lower incomes. But this is only going to happen if the rich stop running the show.
Anyone who doesn't think GW is real and will soon require significant alterations in the ways we go about our business, I have four words for you:
Warren Buffett, Burlington Northern
(rail is the most energy-efficient way to haul material)
Rail is the second most energy efficient way. Sailing vessels are the most efficient.
Hmmm... investment opportunity?
Mules ( four legged variety) are renewable.
POPULATION PERIL
Remarkably, the most crucial environmental reform measure is often ignored. Until population growth is curtailed, starvation and related suffering will only worsen despite relief efforts. Other environmental reform measures are secondary by comparison.
Americans have a mandated duty to assist the third world nations in their pursuit of ecological friendly development, while surviving the conditions resulting from the global warming and pollutio-- for which we bear much responsibility.
The environmental reform measures thus far pursued by this president may be encouraging--albeit far past due. However, until the radical right and special interests, who have successfully blocked family planning and other cruial environmental measures, are detoothed; hunger and related suffering will not only persist but will expand.
Again, I have to strongly disagree, Bobforreform.
Please read my earlier post.
In a few years we'll have 7 billion people on this planet. If we looked at this as an opportunity (i.e. 7 billion billionaires [don't think materially here, think intellectually]) instead of reducing it to the same-old Malthusian canard, it's not hard to imagine a world that can sustain life, equitably, for all its inhabitants.
And also, the biggest GHG emissions increases are from countries with stable populations. Energy usage is a function of wealth not numbers of persons. The poor countries, even with growing population, aren't contributing to the problem, and even if the wealthy countries halved their populations, they would simply double their per-capita energy usage to meet their capitalist economic imperatives.
and you are still wrong. It is your assertion that is the canard. History proves it. You are operating under the delusion that you can change human nature. History shows that while advancements in civilization and technology do marginally raise standards of living, the population increases they allow end up mitigating the benefits by the social and ecological strife they cause. The idea that technology and more laws to modify human behavior will provide solutions is the canard that has gotten us into this mess. The earth is a finite place, and there is a finite number of individuals that may dwell here at any given standard of living. Admittedly controlling population is an attempt to modify human behavior, but it is the one thing that would have the most benefit, and works exponentially since the fewer people there are the fewer behaviors you need to modify.
Citation please?
As I understand it, recent history shows something quite different. Once living standard increase past the point where the large family requirements of subsistence farming and low-life expectancy are removed, fertility rates plummet to replacement level or even below.
BUT energy use, driven by the growth imperative of capitalism, keeps increasing, even accelerating.
Good point, but world population as a whole is still growing exponentially. It is still doubling every 25 years or so. So how will we cope with a population of 14B. How will we cope with 30B, 60B, 100B, 200B, 400B, 1T, ...
My gut feeling is that the current use of oil, coal, etc is what is making 6B appear somewhat sustainable. I expect that the real sustainable population level of the planet is around 1B.
Will you please read some actual up to date research and throw you ragged 40 year old copy of "The Population Bomb" away? There is no "exponential" human population growth, (or there is, but the value of exponent is approaching zero). There never has been a 25 year doubling rate. Humans aren't bacteria on a Petri dish. There are lots of positive governmental and social forces that are reducing fertility rates. World population growth rates have been declining since the 1950's, and the best estimates will level off at about 9.2 billion by 2050.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population