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An Iraq Veteran's Descent; a Prosecutor's Choice
TOOELE, Utah - Not long after Lance Cpl. Walter Rollo Smith returned from Iraq, the Marines dispatched him to Quantico, Va., for a marksmanship instructor course. Mr. Smith, then a 21-year-old Marine Corps reservist from Utah, had been shaken to the core by the intensity of his experience during the invasion of Iraq. Once a squeaky-clean Mormon boy who aspired to serve a mission abroad, he had come home a smoker and drinker, unsure if he believed in God.
In Quantico, he reported to the firing range with a friend from Fox Company, the combined Salt Lake City-Las Vegas battalion nicknamed the Saints and Sinners. Raising his rifle, he stared through the scope and started shaking. What he saw were not the inanimate targets before him but vivid, hallucinatory images of Iraq: "the cars coming at us, the chaos, the dust, the women and children, the bodies we left behind," he said.
Each time he squeezed the trigger, Mr. Smith cried, harder and harder until he was, in his own words, "bawling on the rifle range, which marines just do not do." Mortified, he allowed himself to be pulled away. And not long afterward, the Marines began processing his medical discharge for post-traumatic stress disorder, severing his link to the Reserve unit that anchored him and sending him off to seek help from veterans hospitals.
The incident on the firing range was the first "red flag," as the prosecutor in Tooele County, Utah, termed it, that Mr. Smith sent up as he gradually disintegrated psychologically. At his lowest point, in March 2006, he killed Nicole Marie Speirs, the 22-year-old mother of his twin children, drowning her in a bathtub without any evident provocation or reason.
"There was no intent," said Gary K. Searle, the deputy Tooele County attorney. "It was almost like things kept ratcheting up, without any real intervention that I can see, until one day he snapped."
Clearly, Mr. Smith's descent into homicidal, and suicidal, behavior is not representative of returning veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. But among the homicide cases involving recent war veterans examined by The New York Times, Mr. Smith's stands out because his identity as a psychologically injured veteran shaped the way that his crime was perceived locally and handled by local authorities.
Mr. Smith confessed to the killing at a Veterans Affairs hospital, which immediately set his crime in the context of his deployment and of a growing concern about care for veterans with combat stress. The fact that Mr. Smith was discharged from the Marines for post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, made the prosecutor reluctant to bring the case to a jury.
"Did we want to go through a trial where basically we were going to have to defend the United States' actions on how they treated him?" Mr. Searle said.
Nobody believes that Mr. Smith's killing of Ms. Speirs can be justified. But many involved in the case have wondered aloud, at some point, whether Ms. Speirs's life might have been spared if the marine's combat trauma had been treated more aggressively.
Ms. Speirs's parents do not engage in such speculation. They view their daughter as a victim of fatal domestic violence and not as an indirect casualty of the war in Iraq.
Last fall, sitting in their living room, across from framed samplers that said "Home Sweet Home" and "Welcome Friends," John and Pauline Speirs remembered their daughter as a shy tomboy, a graphic designer and a proud young mother. In their estimation, Ms. Speirs herself has been ignored in all the attention given in Utah to Mr. Smith as a combat veteran.
"When they mention Nicole, it's like an aside," Mr. Speirs said, his voice quiet, his emotion muted. "I feel like a lot of people are using her death as something against the war. They practically are like saying that President Bush killed Nicole. Well, Walter killed Nicole. The war can be a factor. It's not a reason or an excuse for it."
Mr. Smith himself, in a long, dry-eyed interview in October, almost agreed. "I can't completely, honestly say that, yes, PTSD was the sole cause of what I did," he said, speaking through a plastic partition in a courthouse holding cell. "I don't want to use it as a crutch. I'd feel like I was copping out of something I claim responsibility for. But I know for a fact that before I went to Iraq, there's no way I would have taken somebody else's life."
Off the Preordained Path
As a teenager, Mr. Smith did not fit the prototype of the future marine. He was, in his description, "a loner and a geek" - "a math club, chess club, band and choir geek, with no interest in competitive sports past the age where you get the trophies for just showing up."
Yet at a high school career day, Mr. Smith was drawn to the Marine Corps booth partly because the military seemed like a departure from a preordained path. "Growing up LDS," he said, using the abbreviation for Latter-day Saints, "you're pretty much told what you're going to do. At the age of 19, the young men are supposed to go off on mission."
In early 2000, Mr. Smith went off to boot camp instead, enlisting in the Reserves, like many other young Mormon recruits, so that he retained the option of mission duty.
Mr. Smith made an impression on the recruiters, scoring in the 99th percentile on the Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery tests, said Christopher Nibley, a fellow reservist from Utah. "I was doing a stint in the recruiting office then," Mr. Nibley said, "and I remember a recruiter saying, 'Damn, that boy is so smart!' "
On Jan. 7, 2002 - Mr. Smith has a precise memory for dates - he received a phone call. "O.K., Smith, listen up and don't interrupt," an officer began. He read Mr. Smith his activation orders. Mr. Smith took a leave from a job at Wal-Mart and moved to Camp Pendleton near San Diego.
During the next year, when the Utah reservists lived in makeshift quarters on the Marine base, they bonded. Christopher Quiñones, now 32, who shared a bunk bed with Mr. Smith, described him as "a happy-go-lucky, 'I want to go on a mission, I want to marry my high school sweetheart' type."
"Looking back on it," Mr. Quiñones said, "I think Walter and a lot of guys probably should have experienced a lot more of life before we sent them off to get their heads blown off. But at that time, I couldn't think of anybody else I'd rather go over there with."
Mr. Smith's superior officer, Sgt. Maj. Nick Lopez, was not as embracing. "He didn't stand out as anything special, but he also didn't have anything derogatory," Sergeant Major Lopez, a Salt Lake City firefighter, said of Mr. Smith. "He was a marine who did his job, and he had a tough job, at home and in combat."
In early 2003, the reservists of Fox Company deployed to Kuwait with the First Marine Division. After desert warfare training, they crossed into Iraq during the invasion. Crammed into the back of a large pickup truck, Mr. Smith and the other reservists traveled at a warp-slow speed at the dusty rear of a convoy miles long. Sandbags served as their armor, and, for one week, with a single M.R.E. each a day, adrenaline served as their fuel.
As they moved toward Baghdad, the gunfire cracked like whips around them, almost like sound effects for a war movie. Near Nasiriya, the reality of combat set in when they drove slowly past an amphibious vehicle containing the body parts of dead marines, their uniforms torn to shreds. Their first firefight was soon upon them.
"We were jumping concrete walls and diving headlong into it, and Walter was always putting himself out front," Mr. Quiñones said. "Any sniper could have taken him out, but he was the type to throw himself out there to save the rest of us."
Nothing that came before prepared the Saints and Sinners for April 8, 2003, which a New York Times correspondent later described as one of the war's most "furious engagements."
As dawn broke just outside Baghdad, they woke to find themselves staring at Armageddon, as Mr. Nibley said, with fires burning, helicopters shooting rockets and explosions echoing through the early-morning air. Entering the city, they climbed down from their trucks and fanned out. While the first platoon to move forward took fire immediately - with one marine shot through his helmet - others found themselves walking into the arms of exultant Iraqis.
Before long, however, as they arrived at a five-point intersection near the Republican Guard headquarters and the Defense Ministry, the cheering civilians disappeared, traffic vanished and the streets turned ghostly. As they set up roadblocks, rocket-propelled grenades and machine gun fire began whizzing toward them from the heavily defended compounds.
"I felt like I was in the middle of a duck shoot and we were the ducks," said Mr. Smith, who was a SAW - squad automatic weapon - gunner. "I don't know how many R.P.G.'s we took. One landed about five feet to the right of me and my buddy. I don't know how it did not detonate, but instead it bounced. Bounced! I can't believe we're still alive."
The fighting did not let up for many hours. "Whether or not I actually killed anybody with my own bullets, I don't know," Mr. Smith said. "I suspect so. But there were two to 12 guns going off at once, and only the snipers knew for sure." At a certain point, the Iraqi fighters commandeered civilians' cars, taking them hostage and ordering them to drive straight at the Marine positions. The marines were forced to shoot at everything headed their way.
"We were opening fire on civilians," Mr. Smith said. "We were taking out women and children because it was them or us."
Sergeant Major Lopez, his superior officer, said that his marines were "put in that position" and "trained to protect themselves first."
"Our marines tried to limit civilian casualties," he said. "Not a person there didn't feel bad. But it had to be done."
That day traumatized the reservists. Mr. Quiñones recalled a father carrying toward them the limp body of a young child. His voice cracking, he described a 5-year-old boy screaming as his car "turned into Swiss cheese."
"I called cease-fire and I wanted to run and grab him, but there were machine gun rounds flying all around," Mr. Quiñones said. "I watched this kid's head get blown away, his brains splattering while his screams still echoed. Those images haunt me - haunt many of us - to this day."
At the end of the day, 11 men in Mr. Smith's company had been wounded but none were killed. The Iraqis fared worse. The Times's correspondent, Dexter Filkins, described a fleeing family that lost three men, each slumped over a different car's steering wheel. And it also described the marines, in tears, helping the wounded members of the family to safety.
Pro Forma Questions
Before they returned to the United States later in 2003, the reservists filled out questionnaires about their mental health. "Then they sat us down one after the other with an officer and he looked over the form, and said, 'Are you doing O.K.?' and, no matter what we wrote, we'd say yup, and then he'd say, 'Next!' " Mr. Smith said.
A couple of months later, the Saints and Sinners parted company, but the Saints, some of whom were so saintly that they did not watch R-rated movies, kept close. Mr. Smith soon volunteered to go to Quantico.
After he collapsed on the firing range there, though, he disappeared from his band of brothers. "All I ever heard was Walter went nuts on the firing range, and then I never see this guy again until I see his picture on the front page looking like Grizzly Adams because he killed his girlfriend," his fellow reservist Mr. Nibley said.
Mr. Nibley, who describes himself as adrift after two tours of duty in Iraq, said he was infuriated to learn later that Mr. Smith had been processed for discharge.
"I can't tell you how angry I am at the Marine Corps that they just fast-tracked him out," Mr. Nibley said. "It's the culture and mentality of: 'We don't want a loser on our team. We're not here to help you, you're here to help us.' "
"I understand that we're an infantry unit and if you're not able to carry a gun and go into combat, that's a problem," Mr. Nibley said. "But we were his anchors, and we would have been his advocates. He was a mentally injured person because of his service to this country. He should not have been kicked out to go off on his own and deal with it all outside."
The Marines do not discuss the specifics of any individual's discharge. But the Marines do not discharge all who are diagnosed with combat trauma, said Major Eric R. Dent, a spokesman. "The goal of our competent medical professionals is to treat and return to full operational duty and full life functioning every marine who is diagnosed and treated with PTSD or any other stress injury," Major Dent said.
Pillars of Stability Shaken
When Mr. Smith was discharged, he felt unmoored. He resumed his work at Wal-Mart, where he would stay, at one store or another, until he was arrested. He started receiving a monthly disability check of $661. He bought a place of his own, a century-old fixer-upper in Pleasant Grove, Utah. But because he no longer participated in weekend Reserve training and because he was questioning his faith, he lost touch with two pillars of his existence.
Further shaking Mr. Smith's stability, his parents were going through a bitter divorce after 25 years of marriage and 12 children. Mr. Smith's father moved in with Mr. Smith, his oldest son, and 2004 turned into a very difficult year for both of them.
"He definitely changed," said Mr. Quiñones, a mail carrier, who remained friends with Mr. Smith. "After Iraq, he found it hard to care about life anymore. He became bitter to the point of suicidal."
Mr. Smith was hardly the only one in his company to experience darkness and dysfunction. Of the approximately 40 men in his platoon, post-traumatic stress disorder was eventually diagnosed in at least 10 others, according to several of the reservists. But Mr. Smith carried the dubious distinction of being the first. As a result, he missed out on the group counseling sessions with a Navy psychiatrist that were offered on drill weekends back in Utah.
While his discharge was being processed, Mr. Smith was required to report monthly to an Air Force base in Utah, and he saw a psychiatrist there a few times. He also, reluctantly and at the Marines' insistence, reported to the Veterans Affairs Hospital in Salt Lake City, where he attended a single group session for returning Iraq veterans.
"I'm sitting there and these guys are talking about the hard time they're having because their supply unit heard some fire one time," he said. "They never saw their buddies get hit. They never killed anybody. They had nothing to worry about. I never went back."
V.A. officials, in consideration of his privacy, declined to discuss Mr. Smith's health care. Speaking generally, Dr. Matthew J. Friedman, executive director of the agency's National Center for PTSD, said it was "unfortunately not unusual" for veterans with combat trauma to report "for a session, maybe get some medications prescribed and a therapist assigned and never come back." One of the central symptoms of the stress disorder is avoidance, he noted, and some veterans do not want "to retell what happened" and risk being retraumatized.
"We all would want them to come back and are trying to increase the odds that they will come back by working with community organizations, making follow-up phone calls and educating families through public service announcements," Dr. Friedman said. "Through the retro-scope, there's always something more that could have been done had we been able to foretell the future."
For a while, Mr. Smith took some prescription medications to help him sleep and soothe his anxiety, but he quit the pills when they did not seem to work. Gradually, he felt himself getting worse.
"Nothing seemed to quiet the storm in my head," he said. "I started having nightmares and flashbacks or hallucinations. During the day, I was functioning O.K., but I was feeling antsy. I couldn't find peace."
Two things helped: drinking - 18 to 24 cans a day of Utah's lower-alcohol beer - and pulling a trigger. "One day, I went out skeet shooting with a buddy, and I realized I felt so much better having a shotgun in my hand and watching something explode," he said. He bought three guns of his own.
Very late on the night of July 1, 2004, Mr. Smith reached for one of those guns after an argument with his father. Slinging it over his shoulder and grabbing 25 rounds of ammunition, he started walking toward the Wasatch Mountains. "I wanted to stop it all," he said. "I didn't feel like thinking about Iraq anymore. I didn't feel like freaking out on the side of the road because someone slammed on their brakes. I didn't feel like going rigid when I smelled diesel fuel. I was so tired. I just wanted to sleep."
Mr. Smith left goodbye messages for everyone in his cellphone directory. One of his Fox Company buddies was awake, though, and took his call. He forced Mr. Smith to tell him his location and then he called the Pleasant Grove police. The police intercepted Mr. Smith near a trail head for Mount Timpanogos, and when he saw the officers approaching, he loaded his shotgun. He later told a close friend that he had been hoping for "suicide by cop."
The police did not oblige. Capt. Cody Cullimore, the former assistant police chief, said Mr. Smith was compliant. He was taken to a mental health center and admitted briefly for observation.
"Sometimes I think," Mr. Smith said, "that if I had taken my life that day, I would have saved Nicole's."
A Call for Help
In the fall of 2004, Walter Smith and Nicole Speirs met on MySpace. On her page, Ms. Speirs - a Scorpio, Honda lover and Utah Career College graduate - said, "I have been described as a preppie, punk, ska8er, tomboy and car chick."
Mr. Smith and Ms. Spiers went on a few dates. Mr. Smith also dated other women.
In November, Mr. Smith called the Pleasant Grove police asking for help. The officer who was dispatched to his house was the one who had intervened in his suicide attempt five months earlier. Mr. Smith advised the officer "that he was having thoughts of taking the life of his girlfriend while she was asleep," Captain Cullimore said. "He asked to be transferred to the hospital, which he was."
That girlfriend was not Ms. Speirs. Once again, Mr. Smith was released after a brief stay.
Mr. Smith said that he slept with Ms. Speirs once. To her parents' dismay, Ms. Speirs, not quite 21, got pregnant. Mr. Smith accompanied her on her first visit to the obstetrician, where she learned that she was carrying twins, but then he grew doubtful that the babies were his, he said. They broke up. Ms. Spiers was heartbroken. Mr. Smith was not. "I totally forgot about her," he said.
Mr. Smith then started seeing another woman. One night, he came home with duct tape and demanded that the woman accompany him to the basement, said Mr. Searle, the prosecutor. Once downstairs, Mr. Smith turned to the woman and implored her to get away from him quickly before he did her harm. She ran away. The couple broke up. In a further sign of his deterioration, Mr. Smith filed for bankruptcy and moved in with a marine buddy.
Meanwhile, Ms. Speirs gave birth to twins two months early, in May 2005. Ms. Speirs was a very happy young mother but, she would confess on her MySpace page, lonely.
About seven months after the twins were born, Mr. Smith "popped onto MySpace" to see if Ms. Speirs had posted any news after giving birth. And there were the twins, he said, smiling out at him like carbon copies of his own baby pictures.
When Mr. Smith reappeared in Ms. Speirs's life, she was ecstatic, her relatives said. "She had a perma-grin," her mother said. "She was smiling from ear to ear."
They moved into an apartment together in Tooele. Both of them were working at Wal-Mart, she as a cashier at the Tooele store, he as the manager of the photo lab at the West Jordan store. They did not fight, according to their friends and families, and "he was not mean to her," said Pauline Speirs, her mother.
Nicole Speirs wanted more from the relationship than Mr. Smith was giving her - more communication, more love, a commitment to marry.
In the post-midnight hours of March 25, 2006, the couple took a bath after making love. Ms. Speirs turned to rinse her hair under the faucet, and Mr. Smith pushed her head underwater and held it there until she died. Then he left her in the tub, dressed, fetched the twins, put them in their car seats and drove off, as planned, to a family reunion in Idaho.
From that point forward, disconnecting from his actions, he tried to convince himself that he had not taken Nicole Speirs's life, he said. From Idaho, he called her cellphone and left a message saying that he would be returning earlier than planned. When he got home almost a day later he put the babies to bed and followed the sound of running water into the bathroom. He lifted Ms. Speirs's body from the cold water, laid her on the bathroom floor, tried to perform CPR and covered her with a green towel. He then called 911, telling the dispatcher that he had found his girlfriend "cold and stiff" in a full tub and was trying to revive her. The dispatcher heard the tub draining.
When the authorities arrived, they saw no sign of foul play and, after interviewing Mr. Smith, suspected none, according to a police report written the next day. Mr. Smith had no record of arrests or even traffic violations, the police had never been called to their home and the neighbors reported no audible fighting through the thin walls. The body showed no visible indications of trauma. A plastic shower curtain, which could have been a lifeline for a drowning young woman, was undisturbed.
Mr. Smith called the Speirses. "He said, 'Nicole's dead.' Just like that," Mrs. Speirs said.
"The whole thing doesn't seem real," Mr. Speirs interjected. "It seems like a bad TV movie. But, anyway, we went over. The police were there. She had had root canal in January. There was a half bottle of pills. They went on the assumption that she had committed suicide."
Based on that assumption evidence was not gathered as it might have been if homicide were suspected.
Utah's chief medical examiner performed an autopsy and found no explanation for her death. The police, a small department in a small city with no homicide team and only a handful of murders in the last decade, effectively closed the case, classifying the death as "a drowning from unknown causes."
"The police never asked me if I had done it," Mr. Smith said. "No one came out and said, 'Walter, did you do it?' I don't know what I would have done if they did."
The Confession
The Speirs family placed a death notice in The Tooele Transcript-Bulletin, saying that their daughter had "passed away unexpectedly" and that she would be remembered for her "cute smile, talent of drawing" and her "love for Walter and their twins and her family and friends."
Mr. Smith cried once when it came time to choose a coffin. Otherwise, he was unemotional during the funeral proceedings, which some of Ms. Speirs's friends and relatives noted.
"He threw his corsage on the casket, turned around and walked away," said Robert Walkenhorst, Ms. Speirs's grandfather. "It made me so mad."
Asked about his behavior that day, Mr. Smith said, "Not to be coarse, but I've been around a ton of death, and it doesn't affect me anymore."
After the funeral, Mr. Smith and the Speirses began, essentially, to co-parent the twins. In the process, they developed a relationship. "I think that's where he started feeling guilty," Mr. Speirs said.
The summer after Nicole Speirs's death, Mr. Smith began dating Michelle Zeller, a sales manager for a film company who supplied the photo labs at local Wal-Marts. Ms. Zeller, 34, knew about Ms. Speirs's death, which she saw as a tragic accident. By September, Mr. Smith and Ms. Zeller, who has a daughter, were engaged and living together.
"He seemed pretty together," Ms. Zeller said, "but he has told me since that he was faking it."
Mr. Smith felt incredibly nervous, he said, that he was starting a new life, with three children involved, and that he had not "worked through my issues," as he put it. He decided to give the veterans' health care system another try, and soon he was commuting to Salt Lake City weekly to see a counselor, Ms. Zeller said.
"He told me they were trying to get in his head and help him deal with what had happened in Iraq," Ms. Zeller said. "When he came home, he'd be distant and go lie down for an hour or so. One time, in late November, he slept for like a day and a half straight, waking up pale and with tremors. He seemed to be getting worse."
On Dec. 3, 2006, Mr. Smith left the house to buy drywall at a Home Depot and never returned. "I took a left instead of a right and ended up heading to the V.A.," he said. He called Ms. Zeller, crying, and told her he could not endure the thoughts in his head.
When Mr. Smith arrived at the hospital, he told them that he was "homicidal and suicidal." Soon he was speaking to a counselor.
"I told them that I had done it," Mr. Smith said, referring to killing Ms. Speirs. "The first person thought I was blaming myself for something I didn't do. Then my uncle arrived. I told him, and he said, 'We need to call the police.' "
When the police arrived, Mr. Smith's uncle told them that "Walter was essentially a good kid but that his tour in the Iraq war caused him some mental problems," the police investigative report said.
After detectives advised him of his Miranda rights, Mr. Smith declared, "I am responsible for Nicole Speirs's death." It was an odd circumlocution. He declined further questioning until he obtained a lawyer.
Just before midnight, Mr. Smith's father and uncle went to see the Speirses to tell them of Mr. Smith's admission, which ultimately came as more of a relief than a shock. "They said Walter confessed because of us," Mr. Speirs said. "I think he did care for us."
At first Mr. Searle, the prosecutor, was cautious. "I didn't want to just take his confession based on his history that we knew," he said. Doubt was planted in part by something that Mr. Smith said to the police: "The biggest thing I want to get out of this is help."
Further, when Matthew Jube, the lawyer hired by Walter Smith's family, asked Mr. Smith what had happened, Mr. Smith asked him "which version" of events, the one that he had told the police or the one that he saw in his dreams. Mr. Jube began to think that Mr. Smith had given a false confession as a "cry for help," motivated partly by guilt, both over his relationship with Ms. Speirs and about his killing of civilians in Iraq.
The prosecution had no evidence besides Mr. Smith's confession. Although the Speirses agreed to allow their daughter's body to be exhumed, the state medical examiner found nothing new, the prosecutor said.
'What Is Justice?'
Mr. Smith's lawyer sent a psychiatrist to see him a couple of times. During the second visit, the psychiatrist came away convinced that Mr. Smith had indeed killed Ms. Speirs, although he never offered any motive.
Asked during The Times's interview why he had taken Ms. Speirs's life, Mr. Smith said only: "I don't feel she really had anything to do with it. Had it been someone else there at that time, it probably would have been them."
Eventually, the prosecutor determined that Mr. Smith's confession was valid. Then, the prosecutor said, "We fell back into, 'What is justice?' and 'Justice needs to be done.' "
"It goes without saying that Utahans are, based on a religious perspective, very patriotic and loyal to their country," Mr. Searle continued. "We looked at this case and said, 'When he presents to a jury that he served his country like his country asked him to serve, and even his country admits, with his discharge and his disability pay, that he has severe psychological trauma' - we felt there was a very good chance that the members of a jury would find him not guilty and basically punish the government for the position he's in."
"Washington, D.C., is 2,000 miles away," he continued. "It wouldn't matter to them. But to this community, it's going to matter. We've got a mother of two that's dead. Her family is affected. Her kids are affected. Walter's affected."
Further, Mr. Searle did not believe that Mr. Smith was guilty of murder. He felt that he was guilty of taking Ms. Speirs's life intentionally "but acting under duress."
"I can't justify criminal activity," he said. "But it would have been unjust to Walter and to society to throw out the circumstances that we as a society put him in."
Mr. Searle and Mr. Jube negotiated an agreement under which Mr. Smith pleaded guilty to manslaughter, which, according to state guidelines, meant a sentence of one to 15 years.
During Mr. Smith's sentencing hearing in October, Judge Mark S. Kouris of state District Court asked him if he had anything to say. Mr. Smith hemmed and hawed, mumbling that he had already addressed the judge in writing. In the packed courtroom, the insufficiency of his answer hung in the air like a gasp. Lifting his head, he forced himself to speak.
"I didn't plan on doing what I did," he said quietly. "I wish I could take it back, but I know I can't. All I can say is I'm sorry. I'm not asking for leniency."
The judge asked him to turn and address his victim's parents directly.
"I'm sorry," he said to them, his head falling down once more. "There's nothing else I can say beside that." His face crumpled, his voice cracked and his eyes watered. "I couldn't ask for better people to raise my children," the former marine continued, adding yet again, as his and her relatives wept, "I'm sorry."
Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company
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25 Comments so far
Show AllCitation for this claim, please:
"Clearly, Mr. Smith's descent into homicidal, and suicidal, behavior is not representative of returning veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder."
Behavior vs action?
Suicidal or homicidal behavior is not the same as committing the action.
D'uh.
That is to say, there can be a large percentage of those who suffer from PTSD who are both
suicidal and homicidal who never carry out an impulse or behavior or the ideation they are tormented by.
One needs to discern the differences, account for the examples of offenses, and then draw
a conclusion. The author instead creates a fallacy for some end result. The reader would have
to decide what the author hopes to accomplish. Perhaps she is attempting to reassure her
audience that not all people who suffer from PTSD will commit suicide or homicides in their life.
One simple example of how quickly one can reference the facts:
Does PTSD increase an individual's suicide risk?
A large body of research indicates that there is a correlation between PTSD and suicide.
There is evidence that traumatic events such as sexual abuse, combat trauma, rape, and
domestic violence generally increase a person's suicide risk.
http://www.ncptsd.va.gov/ncmain/ncdocs/fact_shts/fs_suicide.html
A very sad story about a condition of a human being turned into a glorified killer for the real criminals who sent him there. This poor man's mind was so twisted from the combat situations encountered in Iraq that something in his psyche gave him a rational explanation to carry out another "hit", only this time on his sweetheart.
All wars are brutal, and tyrants starting them usually get away with murder. They protect each other, don't they?
It's 'the rank and file' common people sent to do the dirty work for the war-makers as they relax and check their stock portfolios.
Nobody should be surprised how the war business operates. The same principal is applied, everywhere. Only the wording changes. Ever since man figured out that by subtlely influencing another man to do his thinking for him, the sharpie was able to convince the 'not-too-sharp' man to kill and rob for him. And to return the favor for killing the sharpie's competition and bringing home the stolen property, the sharpie created decorations (fruit salad) to be placed on not-so-sharpie's chest, and also give him a written declaration of why the 'medals for murder and theft' were rewarded.
Some say it is dated, others say it's to sad and depressing to read, but i honestly believe every boy and girl should have to read and maybe have classroom discussion groups about it, the book,
'Johnny Got His Gun', written by the famous screenwriter, Dalton Trumbo, I think, in 1939.
The story involves a WW1 vet, blown to smithereens, and is literally, a thinking hunk of meat in a VA hospital. It is a hard book to read, but a masterful description of a casualty not portrayed in Hollywood movies.
My sympathy goes out to the twins, the Speir Family, and the Smith Family for all they went through.
The ONLY way to stop war is by not participating. Once we begin rationalizing why we should go, 'sharpie' wins and we wind up in the cemetary, the hospital, or in the headlines. Not all of us, but even one is one too much.
Peace and Harmony all across this planet.
War has many ways of killing people. This young man is a victim just as sure as his wife is. He was first victimized when he was betrayed by his country and sent to a war that was not justified. He was then victimized by a VA system that continues to make vets prove that they have PTSD when we all know that PTSD is the grandchild of shellshock and the son of battle fatigue. This guy was crying out for help and all he got was a system that only wanted him to behave and be quiet. If we look closely at this young man we will see all that is wrong with America today.
Hoa binh
An appalling story and an appalling mirror of our country. The Marines abandoned him as fast as they could. And in this uncivilized country he had nowhere to turn for help. A 600,000 case backlog at the VA? We wouldn't have that if this country really cared about it's veterans. Shame on us.
kathyodat
Don't cry for me Murrica
The Armed Services have a most peculiar attitude about mental illness and how they deal with it. 1) They don't want to believe it happens. 2) They believe it happens, but don't want to treat it. 3) They finally decide to treat it, but then they blame the sufferer weakness of character). 4) If the sufferer asks for treatment, there is no confidentiality. Often a member is FORCED into treatment. Then the fact that the sufferer is receiving treatment is often used against him/her, to demonize the sufferer or end an otherwise promising military career.
This happened to my husband after Desert Shield/Desert Storm. Sen. Barbara Boxer led an investigation into the matter, although I don't know what the upshot was.
By the way, re: the VA not being on the side of the Veteran, most will not remember that barely a month after the Iraqi invasion, The Shrub and his cronies tried to slash VA benefits and compensation to the GI's who had just answered their country's call. The government couldn't wait to start screwing over these guys.
War is ugly...from all sides...and an unjust war will rot souls...This is just one of the many reasons preemptive war should never be pursued. Sad...yes. Tragic..yes, Unforseen...No. These young people running off to sign up to "protect our freedoms"...and all the grownups shouting the same cheer.."freedom isn't free" who are doing the young soldiers a disservice. BUT...this war could not be prosecuted if this crap stopped...This guy should be brought to trial (and probably found innocent by reason of insanity)...and YES, the government should be brought to trial with him."Did we want to go through a trial where basically we were going to have to defend the United States' actions on how they treated him?" Mr. Searle said....Somebody better....Freedom may not be free...but it isn't purchased with stupidity and soul stealing evil...
..
I always wondered if the victim of a crime committed by a victim of PTSD could sue the government for whatever crime was committed against them. That is quite a sentence, huh?
"I feel like a lot of people are using her death as something against the war. They practically are like saying that President Bush killed Nicole."--John Speirs
No. It's more like they're saying Bush was an accessory. . .along with Cheney, Rumsfeld, Wolfowitz, Rice and Powell.
"Mr. Speirs said, his voice quiet, his emotion muted. "I feel like a lot of people are using her death as something against the war."
Some poor folks cannot accept reality or challenge authority, even when it comes down to the death of their loved ones. How sad.
So...contrary to the false myth touted by the Marine Corp., they do indeed leave men behind.
I got one of those smarmy "support the troops"
email forwards from a former friend. I say former because I doubt they are my friend anymore after I melted their hard-drive with my angry reply. The only way to support the troops is to disband the army...all armies!
Buffy St.Marie said it best in her classic song
"The Universal Soldier"
Without him how could Hitler have condemned them at Dachau,
Without him Caesar would have stood alone,
He's the one who gives his body as a weapon of the wars
And without him all this killing can't go on.
He's the universal soldier and he really is to blame,
His orders come from far away no more,
They come from him...and you...and me,
Oh brothers can't you see?
This is not the way we put an end to war.
Mission accomplished.
Hey USA.
Mission Accomplished.
Yet a another family destroyed. This sad story in one form or another is being played out every single day in America, in Afghanistan and in Iraq.
In Iraq alone; over a million civilians killed; two million displaced as refugees. And of course our own... 4,000
I have witnessed such a loss first-hand.
I am so tired of hearing how we are defending Freedom and Democracy.
This war is about one thing and one thing only: Control of the Middle East's oil fields.
Millions dead; millions of families destroyed; Millions of dollars made$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$. A war of Lies, Lies and more Lies.
My heart aches. Wake up America.
Impeach Bush and Cheney now!!
simplistic though it may be, I always loved the 60's poster that stated "What if they gave a war and nobody came".... unless it's to join up to string up George & Dick there's no need to fight a war to "preserve our freedoms"....
but call it "preserving our access to other country's commodities" well, now you've got a fight on your hands......But not mine!
This is so very, very sad. I really hope we can bring home all of our sons and daughters serving in uniform in the very near future. The only way this will be accomplished is by getting the Republicans OUT OF OFFICE. They support war-mongering and empire building. Both Clinton and Obama are saying they will REDUCE troops in the Middle East but they are NOT promising to bring EVERYONE home. They say residual tropps will need to remain there, possibly for many, many years to come, in order to protect American citizens as well as the U.S. embassy, which, according to what I have read, is larger than the Pope's Vatican City in Rome. John Edwards has promised to bring all American citizens in uniform serving Iraq, Iran, etc. within the first year of his taking office. Of course Big Media supported by Big Business (remember Halliburton, etc.) is purposely either ignoring him or twisting his words because he is threatening to shake up the Washington establishment. They don't want ANYONE in office who will threaten their cozy nest.
Ginger
Very good post!
They didn't build a 'fortress' (embassy) for nothing.
That is why the ruling class has instructed the media prostitutes to keep telling the willfully ignorant public that Dennis Kucinich isn't electable.
As long as the "troops" are willing to serve, (for thirty pieces of silver...and it is about money) and give up their lives and limbs for the most morally corrupt government this nation has ever had, tragic stories like this will continue. For what?
"It's more like they're saying Bush was an accessory. . .along with Cheney, Rumsfeld, Wolfowitz, Rice and Powell."
Before or after the-Fact? [Presumably 'both'?]
Ginger,
Let us not forget that, along with this six and half sq. mile embassy, we have constructed fourteen military bases. (Temporary???
Hahhh! What a crock...)
This is a friggin' take over at the expense of American lives, and financed by your tax dollars.
I get soooo disgusted at times....
Impeach and convict NOW!!
The poor innocent victim is drowned by her husband and gets a slap on the wrist sentence? Give me a break. What is worrisome is that the 'War Trash' defense is likely to allow a whole generation of returning soldiers to get light sentences after commiting grievous offenses against innocent civilians. Why do the troops deserve a break? No one forced them to go anywhere. The war is only going on because people are willing to go. If everyone had stayed home when they called up people to go to Iraq, there wouldn't be a war now. Those that made a conscious decision to go should be responsible for their own actions without hokey defenses based off "support our troops" type rationales. I for one don't find anything particularly wonderful about the troops. F*ck the troops. They didn't defend my freedom, as it was never really in jeopardy in the first place. Let em reap what they sow. Should've had more smarts in the recruitment center, when the scumbag sergeant told them all about the medical benefits (VA Hospitals? are you kidding?) and the G.I. bill, not to listen.
The galling thing is that the family of the poor woman who was murdered by her cold-blooded husband will have to live on after he gets released.
Progressives, don't get misled by all that support the troops b.s. The troops make a conscious decision to wage war. Look at those who bravely refused like Lt. Watada. Those who go to war assume the risk that they'll end up chewed up and cast out by a system that no longer finds them useful. The only real victims here were the girl and her grieving family.
Varda - Don't kid yourself. Thousands of our young soldiers return every year as broken souls. They enter as fine upstanding, compassionate, sensitive, bright and eager recruits only to be broken down and trained as killers. Perhaps it is "blind patriotism", but let us not forget that this illegal war was sold to us by the Bu$h administration and MSM as a war of "noble cause".
Make no mistake about it, our troops have been victimized as well.
Just look at the suicide rate of returnees.
Have you ever seen a person get their head blown off right in front of you?? Have some compassion, dude.
Everyone's a victim in war. (except those who profit)
Varda and Cos
I agree with Varda. Fuck the troops. However, it is easy to see why they go after 18 years of indoctrination, uh I mean education.... The propaganda is so pervasive inside the English speaking world and especially the US that it is hard to blame to the kids for believeing what they have been taught at home and at the school and in the culture. The training is much broader and deeper than just the MSM.
Didn't they hang a bunch of guy's a while ago that said " l was only following orders ! "
With all the scandals, crimes, corruption, cronyism, destruction of the Constitution, illegal spying and wiretapping, gutting programs which help people, cutting money for education and the infrastructure, crimes against humanity for which we prosecuted people for after WW2, and I can go on and on...why would somebody still join the U.S. military as cannon fodder for the imperial ambitions and war profiteering of this government?
Are people that naive, or is it all about $$$ making a living?
If America thought it was bad with the Vietnam veterans. It will be and is starting to be much worse with the Iraq veterans. Adding to the problem is a completely inadequate VA that has been deliberately wrecked by Dubya, Cheney, & Co. Readjustment to civilian life has long been a problem in Western civilization, and America has a particularly poor track record of treating its' veterans (the prime example being the Bonus March of 1932). With the exception of the 1944 passage of the G.I. Bill of Rights (which the political elite resisted for quite a while until the American Legion exerted its' political muscle), veterans have mostly been given the shaft by the country they have served.