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Hazard Warning on Home Cleaners
Study says many use chemicals linked to fertility problems
Dozens of common household cleaning products contain hidden toxic chemicals linked to fertility disorders in lab animals, according to data gathered by a women's research group.A type of glycol ether is frequently found in popular cleaning products such as Windex Aerosol, Formula 409, Lemon Fresh Pine-Sol and Simple Green All Purpose Cleaner, says the report released today by Women's Voices for the Earth, a Montana-based nonprofit working to eliminate or reduce toxic chemicals in the home.
The chemical, called ethylene glycol butyl ether or EGBE, is on California's list of toxic air contaminants. Some animal studies indicate that it produces reproductive problems, such as testicular damage, reduced fertility, death of embryos and birth defects. People exposed to high levels of EGBE for several hours have reported nose and eye irritation, headaches, vomiting and a metallic taste in their mouths, studies show.
It's difficult for consumers to know whether their favorite cleaner contains the chemical because manufacturers aren't required to list it on the label. Neither the state nor the federal government regulates indoor air pollution, for instance how the cleaners might degrade air inside a home.
"These are products that women are using in their households on a daily basis, and they use them around their children," said Alexandra Gorman, the group's director of science and research and an author of the report.
The group wants to help people become aware of chemicals they might want to avoid.
Scientists say most people spend about 90 percent of their time indoors. Babies, elderly people and sick people spend almost all of their time inside.
The women's research group pored through federally mandated Material Safety Data Sheets pertaining to household cleaning products. The data sheets, which are prepared by the manufacturers and are widely available online, contain information on chemicals used in products.
The group found that EGBE, also known as 2-butoxyethanol, was a common ingredient. It's a colorless, biodegradable chemical with a fruity odor that acts as a degreaser.
The researchers found about 50 products containing varied amounts of the chemical. Some manufacturers, like Sunshine Makers Inc., which makes the Simple Green brand, didn't report how much of the chemical is used in its products.
Sunshine Makers, based in Huntington Harbour (Orange County), advertises its Simply Green brand as nontoxic and environmentally friendly. In its response to the research group's study, the company said it didn't detail all the chemicals in its products to "protect its formula from piracy."
"At the same time, we back up all of our safety, health and environmental claims with independent laboratory test data, which is available to the public for the asking," the statement said.
Brian Sansoni, a spokesman for the Soap and Detergent Association, an industry trade group, responded to criticisms of the use of EGBE in household cleaners.
"There is no need to play 'Fear Factor' here. This ingredient usage in cleaning products is not known to be of concern for consumers who use these products as directed," Sansoni said.
Members of his group include Clorox Co. and S.C. Johnson, which manufacture Formula 409, Pine-Sol and Windex Aerosol -- the only Windex formulation to contain EGBE, according to the data.
The federal government removed EGBE from its list of hazardous air pollutants a few years ago, Sansoni noted.
Andrew Jacques, a spokesman for the American Chemistry Council, which represents the manufacturers of the chemical, said his group believes the several recent EPA reviews of EGBE "indicate its low toxicity to humans and the environment."
The EPA maintains a safety guideline for chronic inhalation exposure. The guideline is just that, not a regulatory limit but a guide for health officials.
Jacques also said EGBE is a key ingredient in many cleaners and helps cut the amount of volatile organic compounds in a cleaning product. Such organic compounds can cause other types of air pollution, including smog.
Some academicians and government scientists believe that there should be a reduction in toxic chemicals used in the home.
William Nazaroff, a professor of environmental engineering and chairman of the Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley, said the EPA erred when it removed the chemical from the hazardous air pollutants list.
Nazaroff conducted a study for the California Air Resources Board in 2006 on the indoor air chemistry of cleaning agents and toxic air contaminants.
He found that people using some common products containing EGBE could be exposed to levels 12 times greater than California's one-hour exposure guideline.
"None of these are (legally enforceable) standards for ordinary indoor environments. We have a blind spot in our regulatory structure for toxic air pollutants," Nazaroff said.
"It defies logic to think that it's unsafe to be exposed outdoors but it would be safe to be exposed at that level indoors," he said.
Generally, some of the people who have the most exposure to the chemicals are janitors and maids.
Some of those workers are represented by the Service Employees International Union. Ahmad Abozayd, vice president of SEIU's Local 87 in San Francisco, said there have been oral agreements with companies to use nontoxic products.
In the Bay Area, about 30 million square feet of office space is cleaned with products deemed "environmentally preferable," said Angela Gustafson, senior vice president for OneSource Building Services Inc., a national cleaning company.
The bulk of the chemicals have been certified by an independent group called Green Seal, she said.
"It's absolutely a trend. It's not just for the cleaners of the buildings but for the people who work in the buildings."
In the old days, "people thought it was a good thing to see blue water in the toilet and smell the bleach smell. But if there's so much chemical and caustic in the bathroom, that's harmful."
State officials are also looking at the chemicals.
The state Department of Toxic Substances Control has launched a Green Chemistry Initiative to get away from old-style toxic products. The initiative's purpose is to protect public health and the environment through the design of less-toxic products. Online resources
Read the report:
California Green Chemistry Initiative:
links.sfgate.com/ZLW Clean with safer products
Check labels and pick cleaners that contain green alcohol instead of other solvents.
Choose fragrance-free items and don't pick antibacterial soaps that unnecessarily rely on chemicals.
Pick detergents based on plant oils rather than petroleum, and plant-oil disinfectants such as eucalyptus, rosemary or sage.
Mix your own cleaners using items such as plain soap, water, baking soda, vinegar or lemon juice.
For more tips, go to links.sfgate.com/ZLX
Source: The Green Guide The household products list
Cleaning products reported to contain 2-butoxyethanol
All-purpose cleaners
America's Home Value AllPurpose Cleaner
Aroma Clean by Simple Green
Clean Swipe Spray Cleaner
Crystal Simple Green Cleaner/ Degreaser
Formula 409 All Purpose Cleaner Grease & Grime
Formula 409 All Purpose Cleaner Lemon Fresh
Formula 409 All Purpose Cleaner Lemon Fresh Antibacterial
Formula 409 All Purpose Cleaner Degreaser (trigger spray)
Formula 409 Spray All Purpose Cleaner
Formula 409 Daily Kitchen Cleaner
Lemon Fresh Pine-Sol Cleaner & Antibacterial Spray
Pro Formula 409 Degreaser
Savogran Dirtex Spray Cleaner
Simple Green All Purpose Cleaner Lemon Scented
Simple Green All Purpose Cleaner Foam
Simple Green BBQ Grill Microwave Cleaner
Simple Green Concentrated Cleaner, Degreaser, Deodorizer
Simple Green Extreme Clean
Simple Green Multi-Purpose Cleaner
SOS All Purpose Cleaner Lemon Scent
Whistle All Purpose Cleaner
Bathroom Cleaners
America's Home Value Bathroom Cleaner
Aqua Mix Heavy Duty Tile and Grout Cleaner
Magic American Marble & Granite Magic Tile & Grout Magic Cleaner
Carpet/Rug Cleaners
Aroma Clean by Simple Green Carpet, Fabric and Upholstery Cleaner
Carpet Stain Remover
It's Magic Carpet Cleaner
Simple Green Carpet Cleaner
Spot Shot Instant Carpet Stain Remover, aerosol and trigger sprays
Spot Shot Large Area Multi-Purpose Cleaner
Floor Cleaners
Fresh Scent Pine-Sol Spray & Mop Floor Cleaner
Lemon Fresh Pine-Sol Quick Floor Cleaner
Aroma Clean by Simple Green Floor Cleaner
Break Up Floor Stripper
Glass Cleaners
America's Home Value Glass Cleaner
Easy Off Glass Cleaner
Lemonized with Ammonia
Formula 409 Glass & Surface Cleaner
Glass Plus Mirror & Glass Cleaner
Sparkle Glass Cleaner
Windex Aerosol Wipes
Aroma Clean by Simple Green All Purpose Cleaner Wipes
Formula 409 Cleaning Wipes
Simple Green All Purpose Towelettes
Simple Green Lemon Scented All Purpose Wipes
Simple Green Safety Towels
Source: Manufacturers and Women's Voices for the Earth
© 2007 Hearst Communications Inc.
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21 Comments so far
Show AllMany over-neutralized soaps, and certainly vinegar, are more acutely toxic than a few % of 2-butoxyethanol. The chronic exposure attendant with occupational usage is regulated by OSHA and reportable on the MSDSheet.
The listing of hazardous ingredients for household cleaners is indeed required by the Consumer Products Safety Commission. To be sure, enforcement is minimal here.
Back to the larger point, EGBE has been a target of detractors for several decades and ranks high among the most toxicologically tested chemicals. Laboratory animal studies of astronomically exagerated exposure levels indicate a plethora of toxic effects. But real world exposure by humans has yet to cause known significant injury.
Seems like every dozen years or so, a "non-toxic" cleaners kick takes hold...til folx get tired of wimpy products again.
The year before I retired (and the main reason I retired a year early) was that I had a bad reaction to antibiotics. It left me with what the allergist termed "adult onset multiple allergy symdrone". I was allergic to everything - pollen, mold, my cat, dust. Like most allergists, he dismissed my claim that I was also having problems with my detergent, soap, cleaners, etc.
After making the rounds of doctors and numerous drugs, I finally went to a health food store for advice. They were helpful.
Along with recommendations in general for allergies, they suggested a book "Home, Safe Home" by Debra Lynn Dadd. It lists the contents of many cleaners, etc. as well as their dangers.
My allergies have almost disappeared. At 71, I'm healthier now than what I was 7 years ago when all of this started.
If you think you have problems with detergents or cleaners, there are other options. I use Seventh Generation products - laundry detergent, dishwashing detergent, and cleaners. Most public libraries have the book mentioned above. You may want to look at it.
Even if you don't end up like me with chemical sensitivities, many of the ingredients in the cleaners are not healthy. Since there are options, it's best to err on the side of caution.
BAKING SODA & VINEGAR: all you need to clean just about everything- try it, and don't "wuss out", because of the vinegar (added to water) smell- it completely vanishes once it dries, and my, oh my, how everything does sparkle! Vinegar cleans bathroom, kitchen and tiled surfaces, even windows and mirrors. Need to scrub? Use baking soda. Just do a google search for natural cleaning supplies.
"Seems like every dozen years or so, a "non-toxic" cleaners kick takes hold…til folx get tired of wimpy products again."
Boy, I guess it is flatteing to see industry shills watching CD so closely.
Sorry, but my expperience has been that products like 409 or simple green work no better than ordinary detergent or soap. And, teflon works even more poorly than old-fashoned seasoned cast iron, and recently I found out, at the age of 50, that ordinary Castile coap, whipped for 20 seconds to a lather with an old-fashoned shaving brush, works far better than any canned shaving cream. All these prodcts were developed only because big chemical corporations were frustrated with the fact that they couldn't get a patent these ordinary effective products, so they developed some fancy, toxic or potentially toxic chemical, patented it, then through massive PR, convinced all manufacturers and consuners that they HAD to use this product.
It's just a big a racket, then again capitalism is just a big racket.
jumperpin:
Interesting to see that the industry reads Common Dreams.
Green Cleaning Recipes
I cleaned houses for many years. I became very ill after a while. It became very clear the illness started with over exposure to even small amounts of cleaners. I got all my clients to switch to nothing but vinegar, baking soda and I occassionally used olive oil to clean and brighten counter tops [with elbow grease] which was also good on sticky messes and grease.
I had to give up cleaning all together because when I wasn't there some of the owners still used Windex and other cleaners and as soon as I was exposed to them I'd get ill.
I ended up with Fibromyalgia and hyper-sensitivity to any and all cleaners but for those that are truly, truly non-toxic. I cannot spend much time in grocery stores, museums, theaters where cleaning has happened anytime within a few hours.
My clients were thrilled with the results of my work when all I used was vinegar, baking soda and olive oil.
In some instances, hydrogen peroxide can be used as a disinfectant when it is absolutely necessary.
I gave up my work cleaning [which I did to be home for my kids after school] and went into yet another toxic career....politics in Maine.
CD ...take a good look folks, CD is a watched site and ya can dig into the shore long before the wave arrives.
Thanks to all above posters, for their insights & links.
I'm convinced to try the vinegar & baking soda - get a clean house for pennies!
Wilo Keets, may I ask the meaning of the proverb you quoted?
Several years ago I was given a can of Bon Ami aerosol glass cleaner. I tried it on my bathroom mirror with the window open. Within seconds I couldn't breathe. I rushed outdoors coughing, and coughed for three days periodically, expectorating phlegm. Since that time I cannot tolerate any strong odours of any type (even candles). I begin to cough right away upon exposure. I had no problem whatsoever before that incident. We assume that our products are tested & safe. They aren't. I use vinegar, bakingsoda, & Nature Clean products now.
Now I know what was up with the metal taste in my mouth. Last week. No, really, I was wondering if it was a cleaner or something else. Well damn.
Glad I'm not having any more kids. Glad they can all read, write and do math, can walk and run and hopefully won't develop any more serious digestive disorders than they've already dealt with.
sigh.
METHOD products should be boycotted completely, because they do not disclose the specifics of their ingredients.
jumperpin:
"Tired of wimpy products" ???
Chemicals that have MSDS that say that the are benign will in fact eat holes in your liver! Vinegar is safe enough to drink.
The industry tries to pretend that irritants are as harmful as mutagens and carcinogens.
A number of years ago, I test drove an auto which interior had been cleaned with a Simple Green product (I had, until later told what the cleaner was, never heard of it). I became violently ill, Nauseous, dizzy, asthema, palpitations, blurred vision and shortness of breath. I had to call the dealer and have them pick me up, could not drive the vehicle. I subsequently spent more than an hour trying to recuperate before I felt well enough to drive home.
Two years later despite notifying my own car dealership not to use anything like that product, a worker who did not speak English after servicing the auto cleaned it with Simple Green, unbeknownst to us and I and my wife became ill driviung it home. We had to trade the car in because after several washings they could not make it safe for either of us to drive.
Corporations are making billions of dollars off us, while polluting and poisoning our lives, our families' lives, our animal companions, and our environment. Also, by using fossil fuels, they contribute more to global warming. Thanks, greedy corporations!
We've been using baking soda and vinegar for a while now - it works great, is very safe, and is inexpensive. Sad to say, though, it doesn't produce as much profits for the corps!
Consumable chemical products for your household, auto, etc. enjoy very slim margins.
Hi, I'm your "corporate shill/spy" - back to extol the joys and profits of mutation and asphyxiation.
From our mega-corporate palace (actually, my teeny home) am an historic advocate of deploying (or onsite mixing) still less profitable commodity chemicals wherever possible.
Vinegar (more noxious to many than ammonia) is great for cleaning water marks from window exteriors.
50% rubbing alcohol (some 40% isopropanol) works great/safely on LCD screens.
Baking soda works perfectly on auto battery terminals and for absorbing odors in the frig. Otherwise, not much use.
BTW, mixing baking soda w/ vinegar is quite useless. They just neutralize each other.
For truly restorative cleaning, subject to personal allergies/comfort/precautions, caustic-like high pH and/or polar solvent(s) can't be beat. Industrial cleaning operations fully understand as much. They're not subject to "white tornados" hype or fashionable "environmental" claims.
My fondness for EGBE originates in its unique and total solubility in, say, motor oil as well as in water.
If your personal situation requires totally nonhazardous chemistry, be prepared for more scrubbing and/or less cleanliness.
BTW, most MSDS for baking soda recommend rubber gloves and/or goggles for handling. Also, vinegar (3% acetic acid) is OSHA as well as CPSC hazardous.
Good luck to all!
There are actually two companies that make household cleaners without harmful ingredients, and have been for years. They're not commonly known because they don't use traditional distribution channels. Check out products at Shaklee and Neways (www.ineways.com/kraig)
Recommending this book again, "The Hundred-Year Lie," by Randall Fitzgerald. It's about chemicals and drugs, their synergy and their bad effects on living beings, us specifically. It's a real eye-opener!
As a non-toxic cleaner, I like to recommend QuickNBrite, a pink gel that can be diluted or used full strength. No fragrances or toxics. I've washed my car with it, cleaned the shower stall, used it to spot clean the rug and then diluted, put it in the rug shampooer. Did a rinse run afterward and it turned out great...no fumes, no chemicals to attract dirt again.
By the way, baking soda is a good thing to brush your teeth with or use as a mouthwash...totally non harmful: 1/2 tsp. per 4 ozs. water, dissolve and swish several times after thoroughly brushing and flossing. Bacteria that cause mouth odor, decay, etc. are killed by the PH change, but no harmful chemicals are needed to do this. The bacteria always grow back naturally. Also, rinse your toothbrush in the leftover solution...those bacteria love to proliferate there...not good! If you have a window in your bathroom that gets sunshine, prop your toothbrush in a glass or (?) and let the ultraviolet light kill bacteria.
Everyone seems to assume that vinegar is this pure product. It's 3-8% acetic acid diluted with water.
Have you every seen the dangers associated with 100% acetic acid? Yet at 3% it's completley safe to consume.
So why the double standard? 100% EGBE has shown problems in rats. Testing on a whole product that contains less than 10% shows absolutely no problems with humans or rats, yet that doesn't seem to matter.
It's the dose that makes the poison. Drink enough of your 3% acetic acid and I guarantee it's won't be as "safe" as you think it is. Better yet, put it in your eyes to prove just how safe it is.
Furthermore the EPA sets up very strict standards for disinfecting. Which involve thorough testing with each specific strain of bacteria or virus claimed. If it was as simple as killing the bacteria in your mouth with baking soda or using hydrogen peroxide to disinfect, then why doesn't the box of baking soda have any kill claims on it? Why isn't there a 100% baking soda product that is marketed as a mouth disinfectant, or why don't hospitals just use hydrogen peroxide? There's more than one type of bacteria or virus in the world, and they are all different - including in your mouth or on your kitchen counter.
I'd like to see your testing to verifty that simply leaving your toothbrush on your windowsill will kill all the bacteria on it.
The EPA/FIFRA pretty much defers to FDA for regulating drugs, cosmetics, toothpastes and their efficacies.
The HAP delisting of EGBE doesn't affect it's status as an OSHA or CPSC hazard. The original article is plain wrong in stating: "manufacturers aren't required to list it on the label"
CPSC (and several states) clearly mandates listing all hazardous components on the label. CPSC even specifies certain type sizes for warnings vs. product size. OSHA requires listing EGBE (over 1%) on MSDS on all untested mixtures entering the workplace; but doesn't explicitly require it's listing on workplace labels. Ironically, we're more likely to see EGBE listed on labels in the workplace than on consumer products. As noted earlier, CPSC has a miserable enforcement record.
Perhaps more to the original point, the HAP list only affects facilities handling several tons/year of a given HAP. The governing statute, Title I, section 112(c) of the CAA was never intended to directly regulate consumer or workplace products at all.
...but my fav quote from this article (nowhere near CD's normal standards):
"Check labels and pick cleaners that contain green alcohol instead of other solvents".
Jane Kay's obviously had too much "green alcohol".